vt (1) (强硬)要求(ask for(sth)sharply and insistently) [T+n， T+that(should)，T+to-inf]：～sb's name/sb's presence/silence/a refund/an explanation/high wages/better working conditions 要求某人说出名字/某人出席/肃静/退款/解释/高工资/更好的工作条件;～money from sb/an apology from sb/help of sb 找某人勒索钱/要求某人道歉/要求某人帮助;～an answer to one's question 要求回答自己的问题;～to know the truth/to see the manager/to be allowed to enter 要求了解事实/见经理/准予入内;～of (from) sb to shut the gate 要求某人关上大门;～that one (should) know the truth/the gate (should) be shut 要求了解事实/大门关上;〖同〗order， require;

(2) 需要(require or need urgently) [T+n]：(task/situation/request)～serious thought(任务/局势/请求)需要认真考虑;(work)～great patience/immediate attention/great concentration(工作)需要极大耐心/立刻关注/全神贯注;〖同〗need， require;

→ de′manding adj 要求高(多，……)的;

n(1)(强硬)要求(command， or insistent request made so that it sounds like a command) [C] [N(for)，N+that(should)，N(for)+to-inf]：sb's reasonable(just)～for reform/higher wages/higher pay/bigger grants/rent 某人关于改革/提高工资/提高报酬/增加助学金/交租金的合理(正当)要求;meet the workers'～for more money 满足工人们增加工资的要求;(landlord) send sb a～for last month's rent(房主)捎信给某人要上个月的房租;the～that there should be reform 进行改革的要求;～for the Prime Minister to resign 要首相辞职的要求;satisfy/meet/grant/refuse/reject/carry out a～满足/满足/答应/拒绝/拒绝/实现一要求;receive a tax～收到催税单;〖同〗command， order;

(2) 需要(求)(willingness or desire of people to buy or obtain particular goods or services) [U， a～] [N(for)]：There is much(high/huge/some/no/a great)～for experienced nurses/cashmere sweaters对有经验的护士/开士米毛衣的需求很大(很大/很大/有一些/全无/很大)。The～for fish exceeds the supply. 对鱼的需求大于供应。(oil/secretary) be (not much) in～(油/秘书)(不很)需要;The girl is in great～as a baby-sitter. 很多人都要那姑娘去照看孩子。The author is in great～as a lecturer. 很多地方请那作者去演讲。〖同〗 need， requirement， want;

make demands on (of) sth/sb 对……提出要求：(rapid industrial growth) make new/great/strict/tremendous～s on science and technology(工业的迅速发展)对科学技术提出新/巨大/严格/很高的要求;(teacher)make new/great/strict/tremendous～s of the students(教师)对学生提出新/巨大/严格/很高的要求;

on demand(当要求时)即刻：show one's ticket/feed the baby/supply meals on～即时出示车(机)票/喂婴儿/供饭;a note/cheque payable on～随时可支付的票据/支票;

【辨异】demand与claim、require和request的区别见CLAIM。