v (1)(使)裂开(破裂)((cause to) be broken into parts from end to end or into layers)[I，I+prep (into)，I+adv (up)，I+adv (up)prep (into)，T+n，T+n+prep (onto)，T+n+adv (up)，T+n+adv (up)+prep (into)]：The wood does not～straight. 这木头劈不直。This wood～s easily. 这木头容易劈开。My head feels as though it will～. 我头痛欲裂。～a log in two/slate into layers/logs with an axe/firewood with an axe 把圆木劈成两半/把板岩切成石片/用斧子砍原木/用斧子劈木柴;The wood must be～up for fuel. 必须把这块木头劈开当柴烧。〖同〗break，crack;〖反〗unite，join;

(2)(使)分裂(离，成)((cause to) disunite，separate，or into opposing groups or parties)[I，I+prep (into)，I+adv (up)，I+adv (up) prep (into)，T+n，T+n+prep (into)，T+n+adv (up)，T+n+adv (up)+prep (into)]： The judges～on the decision. 法官们在判决时意见分歧。a quarrel causing the people to～up 引起那些人分裂的口角;The workers～(up) into groups. 工人们分成了小组。issues that～the party 导致该党分裂的一些争端;～a political party/the labour movement 分裂一政党/劳工运动;～(up) the voters into two opposing factions/a class of children into three groups 使选民分成对立的两派/把一班孩子分成三组;〖同〗divide，disunite，part;〖反〗unite， join;

(3)使分开(配，担，享)(divide sth into parts and share)[T+n，T+n+prep (into)，T+n+adv (up)，T+n+adv (up)+prep (into)]：～a bottle of wine/the last piece of cake/the profit/the cost/the loot between (among) them evenly 他们均分一瓶酒/最后一块蛋糕/利润/费用/脏物;They～(up) the work/money between them.他们分担了那工作/分了那些钱。〖同〗share，divide，portion，distribute，subdivide;

(4)爆(绽)裂，撑破((cause to) break open by bursting)[L+adj，I，C+n+adj]：The box～open.那盒子裂开了。Her dress～at the seams.她的裙子开线了。～open the coconut 把椰子打开;〖同〗tear，break，burst，crack;〖反〗unite，join;

(5)迅速离开(leave a place quickly)[I，T+n](sl，尤AmE)：It is boring here/I'm tired of the place. Let's～! 这儿乏味透了/我厌烦这个地方，我们快走吧!～the scene 离开现场;

split away/off (from)(v adv)把……从……分离(划分)出来(vi & vt)：A small group who no longer agreed with the party's ideas～off and formed a new political movement. 一小部分和党的思想发生分歧的人分离出去组成了一个新的政治派别。～a branch off from the trunk 把一树枝从树干上弄下来;

split on (v prep)出卖，告发(vt)：He felt sure in his own mind that he had been～on， but he did not know by whom. 在内心深处他知道自己被人告发了，但不知道谁干的。

split up (with) (v adv)决裂，离异(vi)：Who told you that Mary and I had～up? 谁告诉你玛丽和我已经离异了?

n (1)劈开，分割(act of splitting or state of being split)[C];

(2)裂口(缝)(crack or break made by splitting)[C]：There is a long～in his coat. 他的上衣有一条长口子。sew up a～in a seam 缝合裂开的线缝;mend a～in the floor 修理地板上的裂缝;Frost caused a～in the rock. 严寒把这块岩石冻出一条裂缝。〖同〗crack，opening;

(3)分歧(裂)，不和(division or difference of ideas，etc)[C]：a～in the ranks of the Labour Party 工党队伍的分裂;cause a～ in the school staff 在教职工中引起不和;〖同〗break，division，difference;〖反〗union，agreement;

(4)奶油冰激凌香蕉条(pudding made from fruit (esp banana) cut into 2 pieces with ice cream on top)[C]：a banana～奶油冰激凌香蕉条;

the splits 劈叉：do the～做(表演)劈叉;

→′splitting adj 剧痛的;′split infinitive n 分离式不定式;͵split-′level adj 错层式的;͵split ′second n 一刹那;͵split-′second adj 迅速的;准确的