v (1) 建，筑，造，盖(make or construct from parts)[T+n， T+n+prep (of/out of/from)， D+n+n， D+n+prep(for)， I]：～a house/a gym盖房子/体育馆;～a dam/a canal/a road/a railway/a bridge修水坝/运河/公路/铁路/桥;～a car/a cargo vessel/a plane制造汽车/货船/飞机;～a villa out of stone/wood/bricks用石头/木头/砖建造别墅;～a nest out of twigs用树枝筑窝;～a ship out of wood 用木材造船;～sb a house/a house for sb为某人盖一座房子; They're～ing in our block now.他们现在在我们街区盖房子。The architects all built in a different style.这些建筑师每人的建筑风格各异。Rows upon rows of houses were～ing.一排排的房子正在拔地而起。〖同〗 construct，set up，make，produce，manufacture;〖反〗destroy;

(2) 建(创，树)立，发展(bring into being; establish; develop)[T+n， T+n+adv(up)]：～a business/the mind/a better future/a new career建立一个企业/增进心智/创造更美好的未来/创立新的事业;～good relations/a democratic society建立良好的关系/民主社会;～up a business/fine reputation建立起一个企业/很好的名声;～up strong muscles/oneself/one's character/one's strength锻炼肌肉/增进自己的体魄/磨练性格/增强体质; Reading helps you～a richer vocabulary.阅读有助于扩大词汇量。〖同〗increase，enlarge，develop，establish;〖反〗decrease，reduce，weaken，injure;

build in/into (v adv/prep) 1)嵌(砌，装)入(vt，尤pass)：have a cupboard/a bookcase built into a bedroom在卧室里嵌入一个壁橱/书柜;have some bricks built into a castle 在城堡上砌入一些砖;have a cupboard/a wardrobe built in在里面加修一个壁橱/衣橱; 2) 使……成为……的必要部分(vt，尤pass)：～the rate of pay/an extra into a contract把报酬比例/一补充条款写入一合同;the inequalities built into the system of financing经费提供制度中固有的不平均; 3) 用……建成 (vt)：～loose stones into a strong wall用一块块石头砌成坚固的墙;

build on (v adv/prep) 1) 在原建筑上增建(vt，常pass)：The school is bigger now — they built a new wing on(or onto it)a year ago.这所学校现在大一些了——一年前加盖了一座侧楼。2) 以……为基础 (vt)：We must try to～on earlier achievements/earlier results/the success of these growth industries.我们应该尽力以先前的成绩/先前的结果/这些快速发展的工业为基础。The insurance business is built on trust.保险业建立在信任的基础上。The argument is built on facts.论证建立在事实的基础上。The economy is built on industry.经济建立在工业的基础上。3) 依靠(赖)，指靠 (vt)：Don't～too much on his promise/too many hopes on her help.不要过分相信他的保证/对她的帮助不要寄予过多的希望。

build up (v adv) 1) (使)逐步增加(强)(vt & vi)：～up a country/a firm使国家/公司逐步强大;～up a big library/a thriving business/a healthy culture/a good reputation逐步扩大图书馆的藏书/建设繁荣的商店/发展健康的文化/建立好的名声; The traffic/tension/noise/mud is～ing up.来往车辆在增多/紧张局势在加剧/噪音在增大/淤泥在增多。The clouds are～ing up.云团在聚集。2) 增进体质 (vt)：You need more exercises/good food/fresh air to～you up.你需要更多的锻炼/好的食物/新鲜空气来增进体质。You need more exercises to～up your body/your muscles/your strength/your health.你需要更多的锻炼来增进体质/肌肉/体力/健康。3) 过分吹捧 (vt，尤pass)：The actor has been built up into a great success.那演员被吹捧成获得巨大成功的人物。The film has been built up into a masterpiece.那电影被吹捧成杰作。4) 盖满房屋 (vt，尤pass)：The area/village has been built up since I lived here.自从我住到这儿以来，这地区/村子已盖满了房子。

→′builder n 建设者;建筑工人;′building n 建筑物，大楼; 建筑业;′build-up n 增进(强); 吹捧;͵built-′in， ͵in-′built adj 装(嵌)入的;͵built-′up adj 建筑物所覆盖的;

n体格(形) (shape， structure and size， esp of the human body) [U，C]：have a solid/heavy/powerful/strong～体格结实/笨拙/强壮/强壮;have a slender/the same/some～体形苗条/相似/颇佳; be short/slight in～体态矮小/瘦弱; be (of) the same～体形相似;Their～(s) is (are) similar.他们的体形相似。a man of athletic/powerful/slender/average～一个体态如运动员/身体强壮/体形苗条/中等个头的人; He is in his twenties， with a lean， athletic～. 他20多岁，身体修长健美。〖同〗shape，form，figure，body