(1)耕作(make (land，soil，etc) ready for growing crops on)[T+n]：Half the land is～d.一半土地耕过了。～d land已耕地;expand～d area扩大耕作面积;～waste land/a vineyard耕荒地/葡萄园;

(2)栽培，种(培)植(plant，grow and tend(crops or plants)by preparing the soil，provid-ing with water，etc)[T+n]：～millet/vegetables/mushrooms种植粟米/蔬菜/蘑菇;～fine breeds of silkworms/a new generation培育蚕的优良品种/新的一代;〖同〗farm，garden，plant，grow;

(3)修养，培养(感情)(make the mind，feelings，etc more educated and improved by careful attention，training，study or teaching)[T+n]：～one's mind by reading the best authors阅读优秀作家的作品来修心养性;～good manners培养礼貌;～a love of art/music培养某人对艺术/音乐的爱好;～the habit of doing sth in sb 培养某人做某事的习惯;a～d person有教养的人;〖同〗develop，improve，enrich;

(4)发展(关系，态度)((try to) acquire or develop (a relationship，an attitude， etc))[T+n](有时derog)：～the friendship/the trust of sb 发展与某人的友谊/增进某人的信任;～an air of indifference 养成一种冷漠的神情;〖同〗acquire，develop;

(5)结识(交)(actively seek the acquaintance or friendship of(sb)，often so as to get some advantage for oneself)[T+n](有时derog)：～new friends/famous people/socialites结交新朋友/著名人物/社会名流;～neighbours/a boss结识邻居/一老板;

→′cultivated adj 耕作的;有教养的;͵cul-ti′vation n 耕作;培殖(养);′cultivator n 耕作者;中耕机