v (1)哭(泣)(shed tears with or without sobbing sounds expressing grief，sorrow，sadness，pain，etc)[I，I+prep(for/over/with)，T+n无pass]：The sad film made me～.那悲伤的电影让我掉眼泪。～for one's mother/more cakes哭着要妈妈/还要蛋糕;～for pain/joy/the slightest thing痛得/高兴得/为鸡毛蒜皮的小事哭;～about a broken toy因为玩具坏了哭;～over sb/sb's death/one's misfortune哭某人/某人的死/自己的不幸;It's no use～ing over spilt milk.牛奶洒了哭也没有用(覆水难收)。～with pain/grief/hunger因为痛/忧伤/饥饿而哭;～real/hot tears over sb为某人痛哭流泪;～oneself blind哭瞎眼睛;～oneself to sleep 哭得睡着了;～one's eyes/one's heart out 痛哭;〖同〗weep，sob;〖反〗laugh;

(2)大叫((of people，animals，birds)shout out loud wordless sounds expressing fear，sadness，grief，pain，joy or other strong emotion)[I，I+adv(out)]：～out in fright/pain惊恐/疼得大叫;(child)～(out) with pain/delight/pleasure(小孩)痛/高兴/快活得大叫;(monkey)～(out) when seeing danger(猴子)看见危险时大叫;〖同〗shout，yell，scream，roar，shriek;〖反〗murmur;

(3)嚷，叫喊(call out loudly certain words)[I，I+adv(out)+prep(for)，I+adv(out)，I+prep(for)，T+n无pass]：“Help!Help!” he～ied.“救命啊!救命啊!”他喊道。～(out) for help/mercy/attention大声呼救/大声求饶/大喊以引起注意;～out for free election/reform呼唤自由选举/改革;～the news all over the town把消息嚷遍全镇;～a warning大喊小心;He cried “Help.” 他大喊“救命”。〖同〗shout，yell，scream，roar，shriek，exclaim;〖反〗whisper，murmur;

(4)叫卖(announce (goods，etc) in public for sale by calling out)[T+n](旧用法)：(peddler/trader)～one's wares throughout the town/in the market(小贩/商人)走街串巷/在市场上叫卖货物;

(5)发出鸣叫声((of certain animals) make its ordinary natural sound)[I];

n (1)哭(泣)(act or length of time of weeping)[U，a～]：have a good/long～痛快/长时间地哭一场;The baby had a～.婴儿哭了一声。have a little～in a corner在角落里小声哭泣;

(2)大叫声(loud wordless sound expressing fear，sadness，grief，pain，joy or other strong emotion)[C]：give (let out) a～of anger/fear/terror/horror/pain/delight/hunger生气/害怕/惊恐/恐怖/疼痛/高兴/饥饿得大叫一声;give a～of triumph发出胜利的欢呼声;〖同〗shout，yell，scream，roar，shriek;〖反〗murmur;

(3)叫喊声(loud shout or call of words) [C]： a～for help呼救的喊声;give (utter/raise) a～of alarm/“Thief”/“Help”发出警示/大喊“抓贼”/大喊“救命”;〖同〗call，shout，yell，scream，roar，shriek，exclamation;〖反〗whisper，murmur;

(4)吆喝(叫卖)声(words shouted in public for sale)[C](旧用法)：the～of the night-watchman/the newspaper seller守夜人/卖报人的吆喝声;the old street～ies of London旧时伦敦街头的叫卖声;

(5)口号，呼声(call to action;slogan or phrase，used for principle or cause)[C](常用于合成词)：a battle-～战斗的呐喊;a war-～战争口号;a～for lower taxes减低税收的呼声;

(6)鸣(叫)声(ordinary natural sound made by certain kinds of animals or birds)[C]：the～of a wolf/a lion/a monkey/a peacock/an eagle狼嚎/狮吼/猴叫/孔雀啼/鹰叫的声音;

【辨异】 1)cry与sob和weep都可表示“哭”。cry用得最广，可因悲或因喜，也可是小孩因身体不适出声地哭;weep(哭泣)是无声或小声哭，语体色彩较cry 正式，情感更强烈，如：weep for joy(高兴得哭泣);sob(啜泣，呜咽)指断断续续地抽泣，通常与悲痛有关，如：She sobbed when the cat died.(猫死时她低声啜泣。) 2)cry与shout、roar、yell和scream都指出于不同原因而发出各种不同的大声喊叫。cry为通用语;shout(喊叫)指提高嗓门喊出话或其他清晰的声音，如：shout to make oneself heard(大声喊以让人能听见);roar(咆哮，轰鸣)指发出轰鸣震荡的喊声，如：The crowd roared approval.(人群呼喊着赞成。)yell(叫喊，嚷)是因疼痛、害怕或激动而高声喊叫，如：yell for help(高喊求救)，也可是一般的大声喊叫;scream(尖叫，嚎叫)是因疼痛、害怕或激动而声音非常大地喊叫，如：The baby is screaming.(婴儿尖叫着。)以上动词皆可替代say来表示各种方式的“说”。