v (1) 1)扔，投，抛，掷(throw sth lightly or carelessly or easily)[T+n，T+n+prep(to)，T+n+adv，D+n+n，D+n+prep(to)]：～the book (coat) onto the table/on a chair 把书(外衣)丢到桌子/椅子上;～sth aside/away/out/back and forth/up into the air/over here 把某物丢到一边/丢开/扔出去/来回扔/扔向天空/扔到这边;～sb the newspaper/the ball/a towel/a coin 把报纸/球/一条毛巾/一枚硬币扔给某人;～a coin to the beggar 扔给那个乞丐一枚硬币;～the ball to a teammate 把球扔给队友; 2)(指公牛)用角(将人)挑起来(throw (sb) into or through the air)[T+n，T+n+prep，T+n+adv]：He was～ed by the angry bull. 他被发怒的牛挑了起来。〖同〗throw;

(2)(把头)一扬(表示轻视等)(jerk the head indicating impatience，etc)[T+n，T+n+adv]：～one's head back contemptuously 傲慢地把头向后一扬;～up one's head and refuse to answer 轻蔑地一扬头，拒绝回答;

(3)(使)颠簸(摇荡)，辗转反侧((cause to)throw oneself restlessly from side to side)[I，I+prep，I+adv，T+n，T+n+adv]：The ship (liner)～ed wildly in the storm/in the rough sea/on the waves. 船(班船)在暴风雨中/在汹涌的大海中/在滚滚的波涛中颠簸着。branches～ing in the wind 风中摇曳的树枝;～about in the waves 在波涛中颠簸;(sb)～about in bed all night (某人)整夜在床上翻来覆去，难以入睡;(sb)～and turn all night in one's sleep (某人)整夜辗转反侧难以酣眠;The waves/Heavy seas～ed the ship (boat). 波浪/汹涌的波涛打得船(小船)颠簸不停。(ship/boat)be～ed about in the stormy sea/back and forth by the waves (船/小船)在暴风雨的大海中不断颠簸/被波浪打得前后颠簸不止;〖同〗shake，rock，roll;

(4)掷硬币(以作决定) (throw (a coin) into the air，in order to decide sth by the side turned up when it falls)[I，I+prep (for)，I+adv (up)，T+n，T+n+ prep (for)，T+n+adv (up)]：～a coin to decide 扔硬币来决定;～for the prize/the first ride on the new bike 扔硬币来决定谁得这个奖品/谁先骑这辆新自行车;Let's～up. 让我们掷硬币来决定吧。I'll～you for the washing-up. 我和你扔硬币来决定谁洗餐具。

(5)在食品中轻拌调味品(stir and mix lightly and gently until the ingredients are coated with the dressing)[T+n，T+n+ prep]：～the salad (vegetables) in oil and vinegar/butter 在沙拉(蔬菜)中拌点油和醋/黄油;

toss off (v adv) 1)一饮而尽(vt)：～off the rest of the beer/three glasses of water 把剩下的啤酒/三杯水一饮而尽; 2)不费力做成(某事)(vt)：～off the article/a poem in half an hour 用半个小时就毫不费力地把一篇文章/一首诗写成了;

n(1)扔，投，抛，掷(act of tossing)[C]：give the ball a～把球一扔;〖同〗throw，cast;〖反〗catch，grasp;

(2)扬头(rapid movement or lift of the head)[C]：give one's head a～and walk away 把头一扬走了;a quick/contemptuous/disdainful/scornful～of the head 很快/轻蔑/不屑一顾/轻蔑地把头一扬;

(3)摇荡，颠簸(rapid movement)[U，a/the～]：The～of the waves made him sick. 波浪的起伏使他感到恶心。〖同〗shake;

(4)掷硬币以决定某事(tossing of a coin to decide sth)[C，the～]：win/lose the～扔硬币猜中/猜错;depend on the～of a coin 扔硬币来决定;

→′toss-up n 均等的机会;掷钱币决定;

【辨异】toss与cast和throw的区别见CAST。