n (1)上端(部)，顶(the highest part of anything)[C]：at the～of a hill/a mountain/a building/a page 在山顶/山顶/楼的顶层/一页的开头;shout/sing at the～of one's lungs (voice) 大声喊/唱;〖同〗peak，summit;〖反〗bottom，base，foot;

(2)最上面一层(the uppermost part，point，surface or end)[C]：the～of a desk/a table 桌面/桌面;put sth on the～of the car/a box 把某物放在车顶/箱子上;on～在上面;在领先地位：go on～in the last lap 跑到最后一圈时领先了;the～storey 头脑;

(3) 1)(复盖……上部的)上部之物，顶层(thing covering the upper part of sth)[C]：the～of the cake/the milk 蛋糕上覆盖的那层奶油/牛奶上浮着的那层奶皮; 2)(尤指妇女的)上衣((esp women's ) garment for the upper half of the body)：a～to go with these trousers/the new skirt和这条裤子/新裙子相配的上衣;

(4)盖子(lid or cap) [C]：the～of this jar/the bottle/the box/the paint can 这个坛子/瓶子/箱子/油漆罐的盖子;a screw-～螺旋盖;〖同〗lid，cap，cover，cork;〖反〗bottom;

(5)最重要的位置，最高地位(position of greatest honor，authority) [C，sing] [N(of)]：get to/come to/rise to/reach the～达到/达到/达到/达到最高地位;at the～of one's profession/the class 在同行/班级中首屈一指;We've got a lot of things to do this morning，but phoning the doctor is～of the list. 今天上午我们有许多事情要做，但首要的是给医生打电话。the～of the table上座;(at) the～of the tree(属于)事业、职业的最高地位(或等级);(be)～dog (sl)占优势的人(团体等);(the)～brass 要员(AmE)(总称);〖同〗head，lead，front;〖反〗worst，least，lowest，bottom;

(6)(根菜类的)叶(leaves of a plant growing chiefly for its root)[C，通常pl]：turnip/beet～s 芜菁/甜菜叶;

from top to bottom 完全地，全部地：They've painted the house from～to bottom. 他们把房子彻底粉刷了一遍。

from top to toe 从头到脚：She was dressed in red from～to toe. 她穿了一身红衣服。

on top of sb/sth 1)除……之外：He gets commission，on～of his salary. 他除了拿工资，还有佣金。2)熟练掌握：a man on～of his job 胜任工作的人;

be on top of the world 特别高兴：She was on～of the world when she found out that her daughter got into college.得知女儿考上了大学，她特别高兴。

adj 顶层的;一流的，最好(高)的(highest in degree or position;greatest;uppermost，chief)[通常作attrib]：a room on the～floor 顶层的房间;a book on the～shelf 书架顶层上的书;at～speed 全速;～scientists/doctors/pop singers/jobs/people/marks/men/prices 一流的科学家/一流的医生/一流的流行乐歌手/最好的工作/最好的人/最高的分数/最高的领导/最高的价钱;〖同〗topmost，highest，best，chief，principal;〖反〗bottom，inferior，incompetent，unknown;

→′topless adj 露出上身的;′top-boot n 长统马靴;′topcoat n 外涂层;͵top-′dress v 把(肥)施在地面上;施追肥;͵top-′flight adj 第一流的，最好的;͵top-′heavy adj 不稳的;头重脚轻的;′topknot n(尤指妇女的)冠毛，头饰;͵top-′notch adj 第一流的，最好的;͵top-′ranking adj 最高等级的;′topsoil n 土壤的表层;

vt (1)达到……的顶点(reach the top of (sth))[T+n]：～the hill/the mountain 爬到山顶/山顶;

(2)胜(高)于;名列前茅(exceed;be at the head of)[T+n]：～the world's record/one's teammates/one's class 超过世界纪录/超过队友/在班里名列前茅;(speed)～100 miles an hour (速度)超过每小时100英里;(exports)～$70 million (出口)超过7000万美元;〖同〗 surpass，exceed，better，excel;〖反〗trail;

(3)修剪顶部(remove the uppermost part from a plant)[T+n]：～the fruit trees/the gooseberries/the strawberries 修剪一下果树/截去醋栗/截去草莓的末梢;

(4)给……加盖;浇上……(furnish with;form or serve as a top)[T+n，T+n+prep尤pass]：cakes/ice-cream～ped with chocolate sauce 浇了巧克力汁的蛋糕/冰激凌;(mountain) ～ped with snow (高山)顶部覆盖着雪;(church)～ped with a steeple (教堂)有一尖顶;(building/house)～ped with a television antenna/a tall chimney (大楼/房子)顶上耸立着电视天线/高高的烟囱;〖同〗cover，cap;

top off(v adv)给……加顶;圆满地结束(vt)：～off the little hut with a straw thatch 给小屋加稻草顶;～off the performance with a chorus 以合唱结束演出;

top out (v adv)落成典礼(vt)：When is the tower going to be～ped out? 这座塔什么时候举行落成典礼?

top up (v adv)装满(vt)：I'm going to～up the petrol tank. 我正要去加油。

→′top-up n 再装(灌)满;′topping n 形成顶部的东西(蛋糕上的装饰)