(1)结(坚)实的，牢固的(solid or strong)[通常作attrib]：a～house/mahogany chair/padlock 结实的房子/桃木椅子/挂锁;a nice，～writing-table 一张精美而结实的写字台;〖同〗solid，strong;〖反〗weak;

(2)相当多的，大量的(considerable;large in amount)：a～loan/sum of money大笔的贷款/金钱;a～supply of food 大量的食物供应;a～improvement/decrease相当大的改进/大量减少;make～changes to the arrangements 对安排作很大的变动;have a～tobacco crop 烟草大丰收;〖同〗sizeable，considerable，plentiful，large，abundant;〖反〗insubstantial，poor，small，inconsiderable;

(3)实质上的，大体上(基本)的(essential;concerning the most important part of sth) [作attrib][无comp]：be in～agreement 大体上意见一致;undergo～modifications 经过实质上的修改;

(4)真(现)实的，实在(际)的(true;not imaginary)[无comp](fml)：a～understanding of economics 对经济学的真实了解;～reasons 实实在在的理由;This was the～truth. 这完全是真相。A child can easily confuse the real～world with the world of his imagination. 小孩很容易把现实世界和自己幻想中的世界混淆起来。

(5)富裕的，多资财的(wealthy;possessing much property)[通常作attrib]：a～family 富裕的家庭;a～company/business 资产雄厚的公司/商号;a～member of the community 社区中一资产颇多的成员;～farmers/landowners 富裕的农民/地主;

←′substance n;

→sub′stantially adv 相当多地，大量地;实质上，大体上