v (1)跳跃(起)(jump，leap or move swiftly or suddenly (usu upwards)) [I+prep，I+adv]：～to one's feet/over the wall/into the air/through the gap 突然站起/跳过墙/跃入空中/穿过间隙;～out of bed/the bushes 自床上跳下来/从灌木丛中跳出来;wolves～ing for sb's throat 扑向某人喉咙的狼;～into action 突然采取行动;～forward to help sb 跳过去帮助某人;～(up) from one's seat 从座位上跳起来;〖同〗leap，jump，bound，start;〖反〗fall，drop，crawl，creep;

(2)(使)发(启)动，(使)弹起(开)((cause to) act swiftly by means of a mechanism)[I，T+n]：～a trap/a mine 触发捕捉器/引爆地雷;The box sprang open. 盒子砰的一声弹开了。The door sprang shut. 门突然关上了。〖同〗release;

(3)帮助犯人逃跑(arrange for sb to escape from prison)[T+n](infml)：～a convict from a prison/a gaol 帮助囚犯越狱;

spring back (v adv)忽然弹回(vi)：The ball sprang back and hit him. 球弹回打在他身上。

spring to mind 突然想起：An objection sprang to mind. 突然想起一个反对的理由。

spring a leak 破裂漏水：The ship sprang a leak. 这条船突然裂了一条缝。

spring in(to) life 突然活跃起来：The engine sprang into life. 发动机立刻启动了。

spring from (v prep) 1)源于，出身于(vt)：Her doubts～from too much experience of failure. 她的怀疑来源于过多的失败经历。He sprang from peasant stock.他出身农民。2)突然出现(vt)：Where did you～from? I didn't hear you coming.你从哪儿冒出来的? 我没听见你进来。

spring sth on sb (v prep)突然向某人提(说)出(vt)：The government is hoping to keep the date of the election secret so that they can～it on the voters. 政府希望对选举日期保密以便让选民们措手不及。

spring up (v adv)突然(迅速)地出现(萌芽，长出)(vi)：The boy has really sprang up this summer. I can hardly recognise him. 这个夏天那个男孩确实长高了，我几乎认不出来了。

n (1)跳(跃)(act of springing，esp a leap or jump)[C]：reach sth with an easy～轻轻地一跳就够着了;a dancer's high～s 舞蹈演员的高跳;make a sudden～at the mouse/on one's prey 突然向老鼠/自己的猎物扑上去;rise with a～一跃而起;〖同〗jump，leap，bound;

(2)弹性(力)(condition or quality of being elastic)[U，a～]：The trampoline/rubber lost some of its～. 这跳床/橡皮失去了一些弹性。There is no～left in these old rubber bands. 这些旧橡皮圈已经失去了弹性。

(3)活力，劲头(active healthy quality)[U，a～]：have a～in one's walk (fig)走起路来充满活力;walk with a～in one's step/one's heels (fig) 以富有青春活力的脚步行走;〖同〗springiness;

(4)弹簧，发条(coil of wire or other similar device which can be compressed or squeezed down but returns to its original shape when released)[C]：a watch～手表发条;the～s of a watch 手表的发条;the～s in an armchair 扶手椅的弹簧;need new～s 需要新弹簧;a～clip 弹簧夹;～balance 弹簧秤;a～-mattress 弹簧床垫;

(5)泉水(place where there is water coming out of the ground naturally)[C]：a bubbling/mineral/hot～冒气泡的水泉/矿泉/温泉;The～s here are rich in mineral salt. 这里的泉水富含矿物盐。～water 泉水;〖同〗well，waterhole，fountain，wellspring;

→′springy adj 有弹性(力)的;有生气(活力)的;′springiness n 活性(力);′spring-board n 跳板;发展的起点;spring-′tide n 大潮;

【辨异】spring与 bounce、jump和leap的区别见BOUNCE。