adj (1)短的(having little length)：～hair/grass/fur 短头发/草/毛;～steps 小碎步; a～stick/line/dress 短棒/线/连衣裙; a～journey 短途旅行; a～flight of steps 一截短短的台阶; a～distance between the two places 两地之间的短距离; the～est way home 回家最近的路; cut sb's hair～剪短某人的头发;The shirt is rather～in the sleeves. 这件衬衣的袖子有点短。〖反〗long;
 (2)短暂的;简短的(not lasting long;brief)： a～life 短暂的生命; a～wait/visit/time/holiday 短暂的等待/旅行/时间/假期;a～ceremony/film 简短的仪式/短片; have a～memory 短暂的记忆; in a few～months 在短短的几个月中; a～cry of surprise 一声短促的惊叫; speak in～sentences 说话简短;Our vacation was far too～. 我们的假期太短了。The nights are getting～er in summer. 夏天的夜晚越来越短了。〖反〗long，longish，lengthy，extended;
 (3)矮(低)的(having little height)： a～person 个子矮的人; be～in stature 身材矮小;He is too～to be a basketball player. 他因个子太矮而不能当篮球运动员。〖同〗low;〖反〗tall，big，high;
 (4)短缺的，不够标准的(lacking enough or insufficient)[A (of)]：It's 4 pounds～. 缺了四磅。a board～of two inches 一块短两英寸的木板; get～rations 得到的配给不足; give～weight 缺斤少两; The plane had only a～fuel reserve. 这架飞机燃料储存不足了。 use～weight/measures 使用不合标准的砝码/量器; I'm 200 dollars～. 我还缺200美元。Watermelon is～at this time of season. 这个季节西瓜稀少。be～of money/time/funds/ideas 缺少钱/时间/资金/主意; The shell fell～of the target. 炮弹未击中目标就落了下来。He is only a year～of fifty. 他仅差一岁就50岁了。stop the car just a mile～of the summit 离山顶一英里处停下汽车; He was a bit～on/in experience. 他有点经验不足。be～in one's accounts/one's payments 账面短款/付款不足; cotton in～supply 棉花供应不足; have a～view of... 对……目光短浅;〖同〗low，tight，insufficient，deficient;〖反〗adequate，sufficient;
 (5)简单粗鲁的，唐突无礼的(being rude or sharp in manner)[A (with)][作pred]：He has a～temper. 他脾气暴躁。give sb a～answer 简短生硬地答复某人;Why are you～with me today? 今天你为什么对我这样无理?That shop assistant was～with customers. 那位售货员对待顾客粗暴无礼。She's on a～fuse today. 她今天动不动就发火。〖同〗rude;〖反〗patient，polite，civil;
 (6)短音的((of sound) being relatively brief in duration)：～sounds of vowels 短元音; The vowels are～in “fat， pin and up.”“fat、pin 和up”中的元音是短元音。〖反〗long;
 (7)烈性的(small and strong)： She often has～drinks. 她经常喝烈性酒。
 (8)(商业)短期的，即将到期的(maturing early)[通常作attrib]：a～bill/note/bond 即将到期的票据/票据/债券; a～date 短期兑现;
 be short on sth 缺少(某种特性)(infml)：This book is～on illustration. 这本书缺少例证。He is a nice man，but～on brain/tact. 他是一个好人，但缺乏头脑/心计。His speech is～on humour/wit. 他的讲话不够幽默/机警。
 be short for sth 缩写，简称： Sept. is～for September.Sept.是September(9月)的缩写。
 for short 缩写，简称： His name is Victor，but we call him Vic for～. 他叫维克多，而我们叫他维克。
 give (sb/sth) short shrift 怠慢某人：He came to me with some crazy plan， but I gave him/it～shrift. 他拿着有些狂热的计划来找我，可我对他/它很冷淡。
 in short 简言之： In～，I don't want to help you. 总之一句话，我不愿意帮助你。
 little/nothing short of sth 几乎就是： Charging prices like that is little～of robbery. 那样收费近乎于抢劫。To do that would be nothing～of suicide. 那样做无异于自杀。
 make short work of sth/sb 很快对付某事/某人： The children made～work of the ice cream. 孩子们很快吃完了冰激凌。
 a short cut 近路，捷径： There are really no～cuts in studying English. 学习英语实在无捷径可言。The school children take a～cut to school every day. 孩子们每天抄近路去上学。
 short and sweet 简短而轻松愉快的： His reply was～and sweet. 他的答复既简洁又干脆。
 →′shortness n 短的;′shortly adv 短地;′shortbread n 油酥甜饼;′shortcake n 油酥蛋糕;͵short-′change v 少找钱;short-′circuit vt(使电路)短路;′shortcoming n 缺点(陷);′shortfall n 亏空;′shorthand n 速记法;͵short-′handed adj人手不够的;′shorthorn n 短牛角;′short-list vt 列入决选名单;͵short-′lived adj 短命的;͵short-′range adj 短期间的;短程的;͵short-′sighted adj 近视的，目光短浅的;͵short-′staffed adj 人员不足;͵short-′tempered adj 脾气暴躁的;͵short-′term adj 短期的;͵short-′winded adj 容易气喘的;
 adv(1)突然地，唐突地(suddenly or abruptly)： Stopping the car～caused a pileup on the highway. 急刹车使公路上数辆汽车碰撞在一起。I stopped～when hearing my name called. 听到有人叫我的名字，我急忙停下脚步。 The horse pulled up～. 那匹马突然停下来了。〖同〗suddenly，abruptly;〖反〗slowly，gradually，gently;
 (2)未达到某种程度(not as far as intended)：The arrow landed～. 箭没射到目标就落了地。The chair had to cut～the proceedings. 会议主席不得不提早结束议程。
 be caught/taken short 突然感到要去厕所(infml)： She was caught/taken～before the interview. 面试前她突然感到要去厕所。
 cut sth/sb short 打断某人谈话/中断某事： It's rude to cut a man～. 打断一个人的谈话是不礼貌的。The war cut～his education. 战争中断了他的学业。
 go short (of sth) 缺少，欠缺： I don't want you to go～of bread， although I need some. 我不想让你缺吃的，尽管我也需要食物。
 run short (of sth) 已快用完：We're running～of food/oil. 我们的食品/油快用尽了。
 short of sth 没有，除非： S～of murder，there is nothing they wouldn't have tried. 除了杀人之外，没有他们没干过的事。S～of a miracle， we can do nothing about it. 除非出现奇迹，我们是无能为力了。
 n(1)短片(short film)[C](infml)： There are a couple of～s before the main film. 放映主片之前有两三个短片。
 (2)烈性酒(strong alcohol) (infml) [C，尤pl]：I only drink～s at a party. 宴会上我只喝烈性酒。
 (3)短裤;短运动裤(trousers up to the knee length or shorter)[C，通常pl]：football/running/rowing～s 踢足球/跑步/划船穿的运动短裤;
 v(使)短路(cause to get short-circuit)[I，T+n](infml)：Something in TV must be～ing. 电视机一定有地方短路了。The burning fuse～ed the video machine. 保险丝烧了，造成摄像机短路。