v (1)打，敲，击(hit or strike repeatedly， esp with a stick) [I+prep， T+n， T+n+prep， C+n+adj]：～at/on the door 敲门;～a carpet/a dog/a ball抽打地毯/打狗/击球;～the dust out of the carpet把地毯里的灰尘敲打出来;～sb to death/into submission把……打死/服;～sb unconscious/black and blue 把……打得失去知觉/青一块紫一块;〖同〗hit，strike，knock，tap，bang;

(2)打成形(shape or flatten (esp metal) by hitting) [T+n+prep， T+n+adv， C+n+adj]：～the gold into fine strips把金子打成细条;beautiful～en silver/copper 打成形的漂亮银器/铜器;The Eskimos～the copper into spearheads.爱斯基摩人把铜打成矛的头。～metal flat 把金属打平;

(3) 殴打 (punish by hitting) [T+n]：We don't～children/wives nowadays.如今我们不打孩子/老婆了。The disobedient boy was～en for misbehaviour.那不听话的孩子因为行为不端而挨打。～sb soundly with fits and clubs用拳头和棍棒狠揍某人;～sb up 毒打某人;

(4) 敲打;照射((of the rain， sun， wind， etc)strike forcefully and repeatedly) [I+prep(against/on)]：The rain～down hard.雨劈劈啪啪地落下来。Hailstones were～ing against the roof.雹子敲打着屋顶。The waves were～ing on the shore.浪拍击着海岸。The rain(snow)was～ing against the window/into his face.雨(雪)敲打着窗户/刮到他脸上。The storm waves～against the coast. 暴风雨激起的海浪击拍着海岸。The sun～down all day long there.那里整天烈日当空。The noonday sun～down on his aching body.中午的太阳晒得他浑身疼。

(5) 搅拌 (mix sth vigorously and thoroughly with a fork， spoon or whisk) [T+n， T+n+prep， T+n+adv (up)]：～the cake mixture搅拌做蛋糕用的混合料;～the egg whites 把蛋白搅开;～the yolks and whites separately分别把蛋黄和蛋白搅拌好;～the eggs (to a frothy consistency)把蛋打散(成黏稠状);～the eggs (up)把蛋打散;～the flour and milk together把面粉和牛奶搅匀;〖同〗mix，whip;

(6)(有节奏地)跳动;敲;拍 (hit or (cause to) move rhythmically or repeatedly)[I，T+n]：His heart is～ing fast/violently/with excitement.他的心跳得很快/剧烈地跳动/兴奋地跳动。His heart is still～ing.他的心还在跳着。We heard the drums～ing.我们听见鼓鸣。The car's windshield wiper～s a steady rhythm.汽车的雨刷子有节奏地响着。～a drum 敲鼓;The bird～s its wings rapidly/against the air. 那鸟迅速地振翅飞翔/鼓动着双翅。The bird's wings were～ing rapidly.那鸟的翅膀在迅速地扇动着。 The conductor～s time for an orchestra.指挥在给乐队打拍子。〖同〗pulse，pound;

(7) 开路 (make or forge one's way by hitting or treading over) [T+n， T+n+prep]：～a path (one's way) through the undergrowth/out of a thick forest/across the wilderness在灌木丛中/穿过茂密的森林/通过荒野开出一条路来;a well-～en path 日久踩成的小路;

(8) 击败，战胜 (defeat; win against; do better than sb) [T+n，T+n+prep (at)]：～the enemy/one's competitors/one's opponent/the other teams打败敌人/对手/对手/别的队;～sb at golf/chess/tennis/squash打高尔夫球/下棋/打网球/打壁球赢了某人;～sb in a contest在比赛中击败某人;Tortoise can～hares sometimes.乌龟有时可以击败兔子。Germany was finally～en.德国终于被击败了。He's going to be a tough candidate to～.他会是一个不容易打败的候选人。〖同〗defeat，conquer;〖反〗lose;

(9) 胜过，优于 (be better than sth; surpass or be superior to) [T+n]：～the (speed/world/sb's) record 打破(速度/世界/某人的)记录;～sb by a yard 比某人快一码而取胜;Nothing～s home cooking.什么也不如家里的饭食好吃。～Italian clothes好过意大利服装;The story～s everything (I've ever heard).那故事是(我听过的故事中)最精彩的。Riding～s walking.乘车比步行快。

(10) 难住(倒) (be too difficult for sb; puzzle sb) [T+n] (infml)：The problem (difficulty) has～en him/has got him～en.那个问题(难题)把他难倒了。a problem that～s even the experts一个甚至能难倒专家的问题;It～s me how you can walk so fast.我搞不明白你怎么能走这么快。What～s me is where they got the money from.我迷惑不解的是他们从哪儿弄到的钱。

(11) 击打(树丛)以赶出猎物(strike (bushes， undergrowth， etc) to force game into the open for shooting) [I，T+n]：They were～ing the bushes for pheasants.他们在抽打灌木丛以赶出山鸡。

beat about/AmE around the bush 东拉西扯，兜圈子，不着正题：Stop～ing about the bush and come to the point.不要兜圈子，谈正题吧。

beat a (hasty) retreat 急忙走开(溜之大吉)：The cat～a hasty retreat when he saw the dog coming. 猫看见狗来了，连忙跑开。

beat time (to sth) 打拍子：He～time to the music with his finger/his foot/his baton.他用手指/脚/指挥棒跟着乐曲打拍子。

beat down (v adv) 1) 使减价 (vt)：He asked ￡5 for the hat， but I～him/the price down to ￡4.那顶帽子他要价五英镑，可我把价钱压到四英镑。 2) 打坏 (vt)：The wheat had been～en down by the rain. 麦子让雨打坏了。

beat out (v adv) 1) 敲出(乐曲) (vt)：～out a tune/one's folk music击打出一支曲子/自己的民族音乐; 2) 扑灭 (vt)：～the flames/fire out把火焰/火扑灭;

→′beating n 责打;输;′beaten adj (金属)打成形的;被打败的;′beater n 敲打(搅拌)的器具(人);

n (1) (一次)敲击;有规律的连续敲击;敲击声 (single stroke or regular sequence of strokes; sound of this) [C]：hear the～of a drum/one's heart/marching feet/galloping hoofs 听见鼓声/自己的心跳声/行进的脚步声/疾驰的马蹄声;one～of the drum every 60 seconds 每60秒击鼓一下;〖同〗blow，stroke，strike，hit;

(2) 节拍，拍子 (time in music or poetry) [C]：The music had the familiar～of a waltz.这曲子的节奏很像华尔兹。the～of a song 一首歌的节拍;follow the～跟着节拍;miss a～漏了一拍;There are four～s in this measure.这一节有四拍。The conductor has a clear～.指挥的节拍干净利落。〖同〗 time，rhythm;

(3) 通常路线 (regular or usual course or circuit) [C]：a policeman/postman's～警察/邮递员通常的路线;a policeman out on the/his～巡逻的警察;〖同〗route，circuit，path，course;

【辨异】1) beat与strike、pound²和hit都可表示“打、击”。hit表示“重重地一击”，可以有目的，也可无意，如：He hit his hand on the face. (他用手抽脸。) The car hit a lamp-post. (汽车撞在电线杆上。) strike表示“重重地一击或数击”，且是突然或迅速地，语体色彩比hit较为正式，但也可是有目的或无意(上边两句中的hit皆可换用strike);beat 则表示“反复地有目的地打、击”，如：beat sb to death (将某人打死);pound²(连续猛击)指反复、沉重地打，尤指用拳头，如：pound the table (猛击桌子)。还有thrash，表示“用鞭、棍反复地打(以惩罚)”，如：thrash a child (抽打孩子)。2) beat与defeat都可表示“击败”。defeat特指在战争中击败敌人，如：The Americans defeated the British in 1781. (美国人在1781年打败了英国人。) 而beat则用于游戏、比赛中击败对手，如：We beat their team. (我们击败了他们队。) win是这两个词的同义语，但宾语不为人。如：win the war/the game (赢得那场战争/比赛)。