(1) 1)放，搁，使位于某处 (move to a certain place or position) [T+n+prep， T+n+adv]：～the books on the bookshelf 把书放到书架上;～some sugar in one's coffee/some salt in one's food 在自己的咖啡里放一些糖/食物里放一些盐;～the thief in prison 把小偷关进监狱;～the children to bed 让孩子们去睡觉;～sb across the river 渡某人过河;～the ball in the net 射球入网;～one's hand to one's mouth/in one's pocket 把手放在嘴上/口袋里;～the newspaper down/back 放下/回报纸;〖同〗place，set，lay，deposit; 2) 安放(装) (fit or fix to sth else) [T+n+prep]：～a patch on the trousers 在裤子上打个补丁;～a new lock on the door 在门上装一把新锁;〖同〗fix， place; 〖反〗remove; 3)捅，击 (push or send in a specified direction with force) [T+n+prep]：～a knife between sb's ribs 把刀捅进某人的肋骨间;～one's fist through a plate-glass door 挥拳击破一扇玻璃门;4) 做(标记)，签(名) (write down; make a written mark on sth) [T+n+prep， T+n+adv]：～one's signature/one's name to a document 在文件上签名;～a mark/a cross opposite each spelling mistake 在每一个拼写错误旁做上记号/打个叉;～one's address here 将地址写在这儿;
(2)使处于某种状况(cause to be in a certain state or condition) [T+n+prep]：～sb in a very awkward position/a bad mood/good spirit/such a state of anxiety使某人处于尴尬的境地/心情忧郁/心情愉快/如此焦虑;～sb under arrest by the policeman 使某人被警察逮捕;～sb out of action 使某人不能活动;～the books in order 把书摆放整齐;～a satellite into orbit 把卫星送入轨道;〖同〗place，set;
(3)使归入某类(人或事物) (classify in the specified way) [T+n+prep]：～sb among the greatest artists/in the top rank of modern novelists把某人列入最伟大的艺术家/一流的现代小说家之列;～sb on a par/level with sb else 使某人与另一个人同等重要/处于同一水平;
(4)表达，说，写，翻译(express or state， esp in a particular and exact way) [T+n， T+n+prep]： I don't know how to～it. 我不知道如何把它表达出来。His ideas are clearly/cleverly/tactfully～. 他的想法说得很清楚/巧妙/圆滑。That's very well～. 说得很清楚。～complicated thought in simpler words/another way/written form用简单一些的话/另一种方法/书面形式表达复杂的思想;～the novel into French 将这本小说翻译成法文;〖同〗express，state;
(5)赋予，给予(set， give or make) [T+n+prep]：～an end to sth/the blame on sb/one's mind to sth/one's trust in a stranger 结束某事/责怪某人/集中精力做某事/信任一个陌生人;
(6)投，掷 (铅球等) (throw (esp the shot) as a form of sporting competition) [T+n]：～the shot/the weight 推铅球/掷远;
not put it past sb (to do sth) 认为某人能做违法的事或坏事(常与would连用)(infml)： We wouldn't～it past him to steal money from his own father. 我们认为他会偷他父亲的钱。
put it on 假装(多用于prog)： He wasn't sad really; he was only～ting it on. 他并不是真的悲哀，只不过是装装样子罢了。
put it to sb that ... 提出……请某人考虑： I～it to you that you have not been telling the complete truth. 我请你注意你一直没有把全部事实讲出来。
put sb through it 使某人承担费力或讨厌的事 (infml)：～sb through it at an interview 在面试时对某人提难以回答的问题;
put together 加(算)在一起： His share was more than all the others～together. 他的股份比其他所有人的加在一起还多。
put about (v adv) 传播(散布)(小道消息，谣言等) (vt)： I'd like to know who～that rumour about. 我想知道是谁在散布这个谣言。It's being～about that... 据传……
put sth across sb 1) 欺骗某人相信谎言(infml)： Don't think you are going to～that story across us. 你休想用那样的谎言来欺骗我们。2) 使被了解(接受)：～the idea/the best qualities of the product/himself across to the public 使这种观念/产品的最优品质/他自己为公众所了解;
put aside (v adv) 1)放到一边(vt)：～the book aside and pick up a magazine 把书放到一边，然后拿起一本杂志; 2)储蓄，(为顾客)保留(商品) (vt)：～aside some money for one's retirement 为自己退休存点钱;Would you like us to～the suit aside for you， Mr Leech? 里奇先生，我们为你留下这套衣服好吗?3) 忽视，忘掉(vt)：～aside all our differences 把我们的所有分歧都搁到一边;
put sth at sth 猜测 (估计) (年龄，距离，价格等)：～sb's age at about 40估计某人的年龄约为40岁;
put away (v adv) 1) 关进监狱(疯人院) (vt)(infml)(经常 pass)： The criminal was～away for ten years by the judge. 该罪犯被法官判处10年监禁。You can be～away for saying things like that： people will think you're mad! 你说那样的话会被关进疯人院，人们会认为你疯了!2) 收起来，放好(vt)：P～the toys away when you've finished playing. 你玩过玩具后要放好。3)储蓄(vt)： I've got a little money～away for a rainy day. 我存了一点钱以备不时之需。4) 吃(喝)掉(vt) (infml)：～away a whole chicken and five bottles of beer 吃了整整一只鸡还喝了五瓶啤酒;
put back (v adv) 1)放回原处(vt)：～the book/the dictionary/the telephone receiver back 把书/字典/电话听筒放回原处;2) 拨回(钟表的指针)(vt)： My watch was fast so I～it back three minutes. 我的表快了，所以我把它拨慢三分钟。3) 推迟(vt)：～the meeting/the election/the concert back until/to next month 把会议/选举/音乐会推迟到下个月; 4) 耽搁，使进展缓慢(vt)： The fire in the factory/strike～back production by three weeks. 工厂的火灾/罢工使生产耽搁了三个星期。
put sth before/above sth 使处于更重要的地位： P～ting yourself before anyone else is very selfish. 认为自己比其他任何人都重要是很自私的。～the children's welfare before all other considerations 优先考虑儿童福利;
put by (v adv) 储蓄(vt)： I've managed to～by some money for the holiday. 我已设法为假期攒了点钱。
put down (v adv) 1)放(下)(vt)： P～down that knife before you hurt somebody! 放下那把刀，不然会伤着人!He can't～that novel down. 他对那本小说爱不释手。2) (使)降落(着陆) (vt & vi)：～the damaged plane down safely 使损坏的飞机安全着陆;He～down in a field. 他在一片旷野里降落。3)让某人下车(vt)： The bus stopped to～down one or two passengers. 公共汽车停下来让一两位乘客下车。4)使丢脸，轻待(vt) (infml)： He made an unkind remark， intended to～her down. 他说了一些不客气的话，想羞辱她。5)存放备用(vt)： When his grandson was born， the old man～down a case of best wine for the boy's twenty-first birthday. 老人在孙子出生时把一箱最好的酒储藏起来，为孩子过21岁生日用。6)写(记录)下来(vt)：～down the following facts 把下列事实写下来;～the particulars down in the notebook 把细节记到笔记本上; 7) 制止，镇压(vt)：～down a disturbance/a rebellion/an uprising 制止动乱/镇压叛乱/镇压起义;8)杀掉(年老或生病的动物) (vt) (经常pass)： The dog got so old and ill that it was kinder to have him～down than to let him go on suffering. 那条狗太老，又病得很厉害，与其让它继续受罪还不如把它杀掉更人道。
put down as (v adv prep) 以为是，认为是： As the man had rough hands， I～him down as a farmer. 那个人的手很粗糙，所以我以为他是个农民。～sb's rudeness down as accidental认为某人的粗鲁是偶尔为之;
put sb down for sth 1) 登记买：～sb down for two tickets for Saturday's film 给某人登记买两张周六的电影票; 2) 为(某人)报名(尤指等待入私立学校)：～one's son down for a famous school 为自己的儿子报名上一所著名的学校;
put sth down to sth 1)使记在(入)账上：～the cost of the petrol down to business expenses 把汽油的费用记在业务开支上;2)使归因于：～the odd weather down to nuclear explosions 认为天气异常是由于核爆炸造成的;
put forth (v adv) 长出(枝，叶，花等) (vt) (fml)：～forth new leaves/new branches/blossoms 长出新叶/新枝条/开花;
put forward (v adv) 1) 推(自)荐(vt)： Several people have been～forward for the position. 已经推荐了几个人担任那个职务。(sb's name) be～forward for inclusion in the Honours List (某人的名字)被列入光荣榜; 2) 拨快(钟表的指针)(vt)： My watch was slow so I～it forward two minutes. 我的表慢了，所以我把它拨快两分钟。3)使提前(vt)：～forward (the date of) one's wedding by one week 将自己的婚礼(日期)提前一星期;4)提出 (vt)：～forward a plan/a view/a suggestion/an argument 提出一项计划/一种观点/一个建议/一个论点;
put in (v adv) 1) 插嘴，打断(别人的话)(vi)：“But I object!” he～in， suddenly and unexpectedly. “但是我反对!”他突然出人意料地插了一句。2)安排某人(在楼房， 办公室内等)工作(vt)： The new owner～a man in to look after the building at night. 新房主在楼里安排了一个人守夜。3)选举(某人或政党)执政(vt)： We only need four more votes to～our man/our party in. 只要再有四张选票就能让我们的人/政党当选。4)安装(vt)： have new central heating system/a new shower～in 安装新的中央供热系统/淋浴器; 5)加(插)进(vt)：～in a new character to make the story more interesting 加入一个新角色使故事更有趣;There is no room to～in a single additional word. 连多插入一个词的余地也没有。6)(正式)提出(交)(vt)： Did you～in a claim for damages? 你提出赔偿损失的要求了吗? 7)打击，说(vt)： The experienced fighter～in a heavy blow which won the match. 这位经验丰富的拳击手重重的一击赢得了比赛的胜利。Could I～in a word? 我能说句话吗?8) (花时间和精力)做(vt)：～in an hour's piano practice/gardening every day每天花一小时练习钢琴/做园艺;～in three years' work on this book 花三年时间写这本书; 9) 进港停泊，(船)在某处暂时停留(vi)： The ship has just～in at the harbour for repairs. 这条船刚进港停泊准备修理。(ship/boat)～in at several different places along the river (船)在沿河的不同地方停靠;
put in for (v adv prep) 申请，报名参加 (vt)：～in for a job/a transfer/an increase in wages/membership of a club 申请一个工作/调动/增加工资/俱乐部的会员资格;Seventy were～in， but only forty-two passed. 70人报名，但仅有42人通过。
put sb/sth in for sth 提名(使得到工作或获奖等)：～sb in for the post/the scholarship/the reward/the medal 提名某人获职位/奖学金/奖励/奖章;
put into (v prep) 进港停泊(vt)： The ship had to～into the port for supplies. 这条船不得不进港停泊以补充给养。
put sth into sth (花时间，精力)做：～a lot of time and effort into one's work 在工作上投入大量的时间和精力;～a great deal of work into improving one's German 下很大的功夫提高自己的德语水平;
put off (v adv) 1)启航(vi)： We/The ship～off at last， to the cheers of the crowd. 最后，在人群的欢呼声中，我们/船启航了。2)让(某人)下车(船) (vt)： Would you please～me off at the next stop? 请让我在下一站下车好吗?3)推迟(vt)：～the meeting/the wedding/the appointment/going to the dentist off 推迟会议/婚礼/约会/去看牙医; 4)取消与……的约会(vt)： They had invited friends to supper， but they had to～them off because the baby was sick. 他们已邀请朋友们去吃晚饭，但因为孩子病了，只好取消。5)使不喜欢(不高兴，厌恶)(vt)： She has been～off by his rude remarks. 他粗鲁的话使她很不高兴。6) 打扰，使分心(vt)： The singer was～off by the loud noise outside， and was unable to continue. 这位歌手被外面的噪音打扰得无法继续唱下去。7) 关掉(vt)：～the lights/radio/central heating off 把灯/收音机/暖气关掉;
put sb off sth 1) 打扰，使分心： Don't talk; it～s me off her game. 别说话了，我无法看她的比赛了。2)使对……失去兴趣： The smell of his cigarette～me off my food/finishing my meal. 他的香烟的气味让我不想吃东西/无法把饭吃完。
put on (v adv) 1) 穿，戴(vt)：～on a dark grey suit/one's best clothes/gloves/a hat/glasses 穿上一套深灰色的衣服/穿上自己最好的衣服/戴上手套/戴上帽子/戴上眼镜; 2)搽，抹(vt)： She～s on too much face powder. 她脸上的粉搽得太多了。Mary's just～ting on her lipstick. 玛丽正在擦口红。3) 开(灯，收音机等)，操作(vt)：～on the light/the radio/the oven/the electric fire/the television/the computer 开灯/收音机/烤箱/电炉/电视机/计算机;He～on the brakes suddenly. 他忽然踩刹车。4)放(唱片，音乐等)(vt)：～on a record/a tape/some music 放唱片/放录音/放点音乐; 5)长胖(高)，增重(vt)： How much weight did you～on over Christmas? 圣诞节期间你体重增加了多少?If he～on another inch， he won't be able to wear this jacket. 他要是再长高一英寸就穿不了这件夹克了。6)增加(车次，航班)(vt)：～on some extra coaches/trains/flights during the holiday period 在节日期间增加一些长途汽车/火车/飞机班次;7) 上演，展出(vt)： They're～ting on Hemlet next week. 他们下周上演《哈姆雷特》。8)拨快(钟，表)(vt)： I must～my watch on three minutes; it's running slow. 我的表慢了，我得把它拨快三分钟。9) 假装(vt)： He～on an innocent look， but we all knew that it was false. 他装出一副无辜的样子，但我们都知道那是假的。
put sth on sth 1) 加价： This will～another seven pence a gallon on petrol. 这会使汽油价格每加仑上涨七个便士。2)对……征税： What'll the government be～ting a tax on next? 政府接着又要对什么征税了呢?3) 在……押赌注： How much is he prepared to～on this horse? 他准备在这匹马上下多少赌注?
put sb on to/onto sb/sth 1)帮助(某人)找(见)到，使与……接通(尤指电话)：～sb onto a good accountant/lawyer/dentist 帮某人找到一位好的会计师/律师/牙医;I'll～you onto the man in charge; he may be able to help. 我给你接通负责人的电话，他也许能帮助你。2)向……告发……： Who～the police on to our plan? 谁向警察告发了我们的计划?3)向某人推荐(尤指有趣的或好的事物)： He～us on to this superb restaurant. 他向我们推荐了这家上好的餐馆。
put out (v adv) 1)不怕麻烦(与反身代词连用)(vt) (infml)： be always ready to～oneself out to help others 总是乐于帮助别人而不嫌麻烦;2)使失去知觉(vt)： The champion～his opponent out in the fourth round. 这位冠军在第四轮将对手打晕过去。Those tablets will～him out for two hours. 那些药片能使他麻醉两个小时。3) 使感到不便(麻烦)(vt)： Are you sure it won't～you out if I stay to dinner? 我留下来吃晚饭真的不给你添麻烦吗?4)使生气，冒犯(vt)： She was～out by his rude behaviour. 他粗鲁的举止使她不快。5)放到屋外(vt)： If it turns fine， I shall～the washing out. 如果天气转晴，我就把洗的东西晾到外面去。6)摆放出来(以供使用)(vt)： She left a meal～out for him in the kitchen. 她把他的饭留在厨房里。7)长出(新枝叶，花蕾等)(vt)：～out some new branches/early shoots 长出一些新枝条/嫩芽;8)生产(vt)：～out 2000 new cars every month 每月生产2000辆新车;(engine)～out more than 1000 horsepower (发动机)产生1000多马力; 9) 发出，出版，广播 (vt)：(sinking ship)～out a call for help over its radio (正在下沉的船)发出无线电求救信号;The publishers～out sixty new books last month. 出版商上个月出版了60种新书。the news of the invasion～out by the BBC 英国广播公司广播的关于侵略的消息;10)使熄灭，扑灭(vt)：～a candle/light/fire/cigarette/pipe out 把蜡烛/灯/火/香烟/烟斗熄灭;The firemen～out the blaze. 消防队员扑灭了大火。11)关掉(vt)：～out the lamp/the gas fire 关掉电灯/煤气炉;12)使(身体某个部位)脱臼(错位)(vt)： He～his shoulder/his knee out digging his garden. 他在给花园松土时把肩膀/膝盖弄脱臼了。13) 使不准确(vt)： That one little mistake～the whole calculation out. 那个小小的错误使得整个计算都不准确。14) 使工作由他人或其他厂家做(vt)： They had to～the work out to other factories，to fulfil the contract on time. 为了按时履行合同，他们不得不把活交给其他厂家去干。15)贷(款)(vt)：～out one's savings/money at a high rate of interest 把自己的积蓄/钱以高利率借出;16)启航(vi)：～out to sea 启航出海;～out from Liverpool 从利物浦启航;
put through (v adv) 1) 实现，顺利完成(vt)：～through a mass literacy programme 实现一项全民扫盲计划;～through a business deal 顺利完成一笔交易;2) 接通电话(vt)：～sb/a call through to the manager/the hospital/this number/London 将某人/电话接通到经理/医院/这个号码/伦敦;
put sb through sth 1) 使经受：～sb through a severe examination/some hard training/a lot of pain 使某人经受严格的检查/某种艰苦的训练/很多痛苦;2) 供……上学： He managed to～each of his five children through boarding school. 他设法供他的五个孩子都上了寄宿学校。
put sb/sth to sth 1) 使经(遭)受： You can't imagine the trouble I've been～to by the police. 你简直无法想象警察给我找的麻烦。～sb to great inconvenience/expense 给某人造成极大的不便/开销;2)提交：～a proposal to the committee 向委员会提交一份建议;3)向……提问题：～a question to sb 向某人提一个问题;4) 交付表决： I propose that the matter be～to the vote， Mr Chairman. 主席先生，我建议就这件事进行表决。
put together (v adv) 装配，组装，组(凑)成(vt)： It's easier to take a machine/a radio to pieces than to～it together again. 拆散一台机器/收音机要比把它重新组装起来容易得多。～a team/a meal/a sentence together 组成一个队/凑成一顿饭/组成一个句子;
put up (v adv) 1)进行战斗(反抗等) (vt)：～up a fight/a struggle/resistance 进行战斗/斗争/反抗; 2)留(某人)过夜(住宿)(vt)： Could you～me up for the night? 能留我过夜吗?I can～up two adults， but no children. 我能安排两个大人住宿，但不能带孩子。3) (在某处)食宿，住宿(vi)： He always～s up at that hotel when he's in town. 他进城时总是吃住在那家旅馆。4)提名(某人)竞选(担任职务)(vt)： The Liberals are～ting him up again for the election. 自由党又一次提名他参加竞选。I'd like to～him up as the best person for the chairmanship. 我愿意提名他作为主席的最佳人选。5) 参加竞选(vt & vi)： He's～ting (himself) up for election to the committee. 他正参加那个委员会的竞选。6)举(挂)起(vt)：P～up your hand if you think you know the answer. 如果你认为你知道答案，请把手举起来。～up a picture/a flag/a curtain 挂起一幅画/一面旗/一块幕布;(girl)～her hair up (女孩)把头发盘上头顶; 7) 建(搭，竖)起(vt)：～up a supermarket/a new house/a memorial/a tent/a shed/a fence 建起一个超级市场/建起一幢新房/建起一座纪念碑/搭起一顶帐篷/搭起一个棚子/竖起一道篱笆; 8)张贴，张榜公布(vt)：～up an advertisement/a poster/a notice/the examination results 张贴广告/张贴海报/张贴通知/张榜公布考试结果; 9)提高，增加(vt)： The government has promised that taxes will not be～up again this year. 政府已经许诺今年不再增加税收。10)出资(钱)(vt)： When they'd spent that huge sum， we～up another half million. 他们花光了那一大笔钱，于是我们又拿出了50万。11)提出(vt)： We're going to～up anther proposal at the meeting. 我们要在会上提出另一个建议。
put sb up to sth 怂恿做(坏事)：～sb up to a silly trick like that/cheating 怂恿某人耍那样愚蠢的花招/作弊;
put up with (v adv prep) 容忍，忍受(vt)： My mother simply wouldn't～up with him/his behaviour. 我母亲对他/他的行为简直不能容忍。
→′put-down n 侮辱人的话，责骂;(飞机的)降落;′put-upon adj (指人)受虐待的，受剥削的;
【辨异】put与place、lay和set1的区别见LAY。