adj (1) 坏(低劣)的 (not good; of poor quality; below an acceptable standard)：a～lecture/harvest/grade/guess/grammar/decision差劲的讲演/坏收成/差分数/错误的猜测/拙劣的语法书/糟糕的决定;～pronunciation/eyesight/work很差的发音/视力/工作;〖同〗poor;awful;〖反〗good，fine，excellent;

(2) 不胜任的，无能力的 (not competent; not able to perform satisfactorily)(与职业名称及动词派生的表人名词连用)：a～worker/hairdresser/teacher/manager/poet/singer 不怎么样的的工人/理发师/教师/经理/诗人/歌手;a～liar/loser糟糕的说谎者/输家;be～at tennis/spelling 网球打得不好/拼写方面差;〖同〗poor;awful;〖反〗good，fine，excellent;

(3) 坏(不道德)的 (immoral; evil; wicked)：Lying is a～thing to do.说谎是很坏的行为。It's～to tell lies.说谎是很坏的。～behaviour/life不道德的行为/生活;～manners 不礼貌;You～girl. 你这个坏女孩。He's a～man.他是个坏人。She has done some～things.她干了些坏事。〖同〗 immoral;〖反〗good，moral;

(4) 坏(令人不悦)的 (unpleasant; nasty; unfavourable; unwelcome)：～luck/weather/news 坏运气/天气/消息;a～dream恶梦;a～time/smell/odour不顺利的时期/难闻的气味/难闻的气味; get a～impression 所得印象不好;be in a～mood 情绪不好;〖同〗disagreeable，unpleasant; 〖反〗good，agreeable，pleasant;

(5) 严重的 (serious in its result; severe)：a～cold/headache/snowstorm/accident/mistake/fracture/attack of asthma/defeat重感冒/剧烈的头痛/猛烈的暴风雪/严重的事故/极大的错误/严重的骨折/哮喘病的大发作/惨败;How～is your headache? 你头痛得厉害吗? The building was in～condition.这座楼很破旧。〖同〗severe， serious， terrible;〖反〗mild， light;

(6)坏(腐败)了的 (no longer fit to be eaten because of decay; rotting or rotten)：～eggs/meat/fish/fruit/milk坏了的鸡蛋/肉/鱼/水果/牛奶;The apple is～. 这苹果坏了。(food) go～(食物)变质;〖同〗spoiled，rotten，decayed;〖反〗good，fresh;

(7) 有病的，不舒服的 (not in good health; diseased; not feeling healthy) [通常作attrib]：～teeth/eyes/legs 坏牙/有毛病的眼睛/不得劲的腿;a～back/knee 疼痛的背/膝盖;have a～heart/head心脏有毛病/头痛;Is the patient very～? 病人很不舒服吗? feel～觉得不舒服;His eyes/ears are～.他的眼睛/耳朵有毛病。〖同〗ill，sick;〖反〗well，healthy;

(8) 有害的 (causing harm or injury) [A(for)][作pred]：Smoking/Drinking/Too much candy is～for you (your health). 抽烟/喝酒/吃太多的糖对你(的身体)有害。This soap has had a～effect on my skin.这种肥皂伤害了我的皮肤。〖同〗harmful，hurtful，injurious，unhealthy;〖反〗good，harmless， healthful;

(9) 不适宜的 (unsuitable for a particular purpose; difficult) [A(for)， A+to-inf]：The light in the room is too～for taking photographs.房间里的光线太暗，不能照相。It's a～time for buying/to buy a house.现在不是买房子的适当时机。This beach is～for surfing.这处海滨不适宜冲浪。〖同〗unsuitable;〖反〗suitable，appropriate;

go from bad to worse 越来越糟：Matters(Things) went from～to worse with us/for our firm. 我们/我们公司的事情越来越糟。

not bad/not so bad/not half bad不错(infml)：“How is your car? ”“Not～. ”“你的车子怎么样?”“不错。”She's not half～at maths. 她的数学不坏。

too bad 太遗憾 (infml)：It's too～your holiday was cancelled.你的假日取消了，这太遗憾了。

feel bad about 感到惭愧(抱歉) (infml)：I feel～about not being able to help you.不能帮助你，我感到抱歉。

→′badness n 坏(事);′baddy n (小说，电影中的)坏人，恶棍;′bad-mouth vt 诽谤;′badly adv;

adv 非常，很(very much)(AmE)(infml)：I want it～.我非常需要这个。Is he hurt～? 他伤得厉害吗?

n 坏的东西(事情)(sth bad) [U，the～]：The～men do can be forgiven by God.人做的坏事上帝会饶恕的。〖同〗evil，sin，wrongs;

go to the bad 堕落：He's gone to the～nowadays. 他如今堕落了。

take the bad with the good (人生中)坏事好事都(学会)承受：You must learn to take/accept the～with the good.你应该学会承受人生中的一切酸甜苦辣。

to the bad 负债：I'm ￡200 to the～this week. 我这一周负债200英镑。

【惯用法】 口语中，feel后可用bad，也可用badly (尽管正式的书面语中宁用bad)，如：feel bad/badly about sth (因……而感到不好);但在look， sound， smell等后，通常用bad，如：It looks bad for their team. (形势看来对他们队不利。)

【辨异】bad与evil、ill和wicked语义很相近，皆指道德上不好的，或者实际上是恶毒的、应受谴责的。bad是最常用语，如：bad people/habits(坏人/坏习惯);evil(邪恶的，罪恶的)指违背或导致违背道义法则的，如：evil practices(罪恶的行为);ill(邪恶的)现主要用于某些固定用语中，语义不如evil强，如：ill will(恶意);wicked (邪恶的，缺德的)指有意做极其错误的事情， 如：a wicked plan(邪恶的计划)。