v (1)做，制(建，创)造(create or bring into existence by putting parts together or modifying materials)[T+n，T+n+prep(from/of/out of)，D+n+n，D+n+prep(for)]：～a toy/a gun/a car 制造玩具/枪支/汽车;～a hat/a road/a park/a cake做帽子/修筑公路/修建公园/制作蛋糕;～bread/wine/paper烤面包/酿酒/造纸;God made man，the heaven and the earth.上帝创造了人类、天和地。Butter is made from milk.黄油是用牛奶制作的。This wine is made from grapes.这酒是用葡萄酿制的。The rugs are made of scraps. 地毯是用小块拼起来的。 The houses are made of bricks. 房子是用砖盖的。～an airplane out of a piece of paper/a table cloth out of nylon/petroleum out of coal用一张纸叠成飞机/尼龙布做成台布/从煤中提炼石油;The lady made me a drink/herself a pot of tea. 这位女士给我倒了一杯饮料/给她自己沏了一壶茶。The maid made coffee for all of us.女佣为我们大家煮了咖啡。〖同〗manufacture，produce;〖反〗destroy，ruin;
 (2)(把……)制(变)成(put(parts of materials) together to produce sth or change sth)[T+n+prep(into)尤pass]：Glass is made into bottles. 玻璃做成瓶子。The place is made into a summer resort. 这个地方建成了避暑胜地。Our kitchen is made into a dining-room. 我们的厨房改建成了餐厅。
 (3)制定(establish or create sth)[T+n]：～rules/regulations制定规章/条例;Laws are made to be obeyed.制定法律，就要遵守。〖同〗establish，enact;〖反〗abolish，cancel;
 (4)写(创)作(write;compose)[T+n]：～music作曲;～a will/a treaty/a sonnet/an epigram/a book立遗嘱/定条约/写一首十四行诗/写讽刺短诗/编撰一本书;～deeds/verses 写契约/作诗;〖同〗write，compose;
 (5)整理，安排，准备(prepare for use;arrange)[T+n]：～a fire/a meal/a camp生火/做饭/扎营;～the bed (睡前或起床后)整理床铺;〖同〗arrange，prepare;
 (6)引起，产生(cause;bring about)[T+n]：～trouble/mischief/peace/war找麻烦/挑拨离间/讲和/交战;～a mistake/a noise/a mess/a disturbance犯错误/弄出声响/搞乱/闹事;He has made a muddle of the job. 他把工作搞得一团糟。〖同〗produce，cause;〖反〗end，abolish，terminate;
 (7)使出现，形成(cause sth to appear by striking or removing materials)[T+n，T+n+prep(by)]：The dog made a big hole in the garden. 狗在花园里挖了一个大洞。The stone made a dent in the roof of my car.石块把我汽车的顶棚砸了一个坑。The moths made many holes in the material.虫子把布料咬了许多洞。
 (8)使成为(变成)(cause to be or become)[C+n+adj]：The meal made her ill. 吃了那顿饭后她就病了。The mud made walking difficult. 泥泞的路行走困难。The story made things worse. 报道使情况更加复杂。I made it clear that I disapprove of the decision.我明确表示不同意此项决定。The news will be made public.这消息会公开的。～the scene real把场面搞得逼真;～oneself comfortable请随意(客套用语);～one's voice heard/oneself understood/sb respected 使自己的声音能被人听得见/自己被人理解/某人受尊敬;
 (9)任命(选举)为(appoint，name or elect(sb)to a particular position)[C+n+n]：～sb director/chairman/bishop/special envoy任命某人为经理/主席/主教/特使;Queen Elizabeth made him a baronet/a peer/a knight.伊丽莎白女王封他为准男爵/有爵位的贵族/爵士。He was made captain of the team.他被任命为队长。〖同〗appoint，elect;
 (10)(促)使(做某事)(cause sb/sth to do sth)[C+n+inf]：What～s you ask that/the world go round/the little girl tremble so?是什么使你问起那事/世界运转/小姑娘这样发抖? A sudden noise made the thief jump. 突然一声响使盗贼吓了一跳。His appearance made his girl friend laugh. 他的样子使女友发笑。The smoke made my eyes ache. 烟雾使我的眼睛痛。How do I～the radio work? 我怎样才能使收音机响起来? Modesty～s one progress whereas conceit～s one lag behind.虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。
 (11)迫使(compel or force sb to do sth)[C+n+inf]：M～him go with you.让他和你一起走。M～the man return the money.让这男人还钱。M～her leave the room. 让她离开房间。They made him pay for the damage she had done (He was made to pay for the damage she had done.)他们迫使他偿付她所造成的损失。
 (12)使显得(看起来像)(cause to seem or assume)[C+n+n，C+n+adj，C+n+to-inf]：The portrait～s him an old man.这张肖像使他看起来像一位老人。The photograph～s me very young. 这照片显得我很年轻。The beard～s her husband quite distinguished.蓄着胡子使她的丈夫很气派。The photo～s my nose look big.在这张照片上，我的鼻子显得大。
 (13)使形成(成为)，把……培养成(cause sb/sth to be or become sth)[T+n+prep(of)，C+n+n]：The father wants to～a doctor/a footballer/a teacher of his son.父亲想把他的儿子培养成医生/足球运动员/教师。～a night (a thorough job/a habit) of it 痛痛快快地玩一晚上(把工作干得彻底一些/养成一个好习惯);He～s it a rule to take part into physical labor.他把参加体力劳动定为惯例。
 (14)用(当)作(serve or function as)[L+n]：Oak～s strong furniture. 橡木可做很好的家具。This piece of cloth～s a skirt. 这块料子够做一条裙子。This box will～a useful container. 这个箱子可用来装东西。The barrel will～a good seat. 大桶可当坐具。Do hardback editions～good gifts? 精装书可以当精美礼物赠送吗? This book～s good reading.这书是本好读物。His adventure～s an interesting story. 他的冒险经历可写成一个精彩的故事。This film～s a splendid evening's entertainment 这部影片可作为晚上很好的娱乐节目。That～s a good answer. 那个答案好。
 (15)发展成(be capable of growing or developing into)[L+n]：He will～a good lawyer/an executive secretary/a fine leader/an excellent physicist.他会成为一名好律师/执行秘书/优秀领导/杰出的物理学家。She will～him a good wife. 她会成为他的好妻子。
 (16)合(总)计为，等于(equal;add up to;amount to)[L+n]：2 and 2/Two plus two/Twice two～s four.2加2/2加2/2乘以2等于4。2 pints～s a quart. 两品脱等于一夸脱。Two halves～s a whole . 两部分构成一个整体。A hundred centimetres～s a metre. 100厘米等于一米。
 (17)看(算)作，成为……的一份(count as;constitute)[L+n]：This～s her fifth novel/the third time he has tried/the second time that you've been late.这是她写的第五部小说/他第三次试做/你第二次迟到。～a fourth at bridge打桥牌四缺一时算一个;
 (18)赚(挣，取)得(gain，get by earning)[T+n]：～a good living/a considerable fortune/a lot of money/a good salary/a decent wage/a profit of 3 percent过充裕的生活/发一大笔财/赚一大笔钱/挣得高薪/挣一份体面的工资/获3%的利润;He's～ing $45 a week.他每周挣45美元。This picture～s a good price.这幅画能卖个好价钱。How much do you～every month? 你每月挣多少钱?
 (19)估计(算)，推测，猜想(estimate to be;calculate)[无pass C+n+adj，C+n+n，C+n+to-inf]：It～s the total (to be) over $100. 估计总数在100美元以上。What do you～the time (What time do you～it)? 你看现在几点了?～the distance (about) 500 miles/it 30 miles (to the border from here) 估计(大约)有500英里路/(从这里到边界)有30英里路;How large do you～the congregation? 你看集会上的人有多少? What size do you～the room? 你看房间面积有多大? The boy is not the fool as some～him.这个男孩并非像某些人所认为的那样愚蠢。～the house to be about 100 years old 推测这所房子大约有100年的历史;
 (20)赶上，及时到达(catch，succeed in reaching and boarding;arrive in time)[T+n]：～the train/the plane 赶上火车/飞机;～a meeting at 10 am赶上开上午10点的会议;You can～the next flight.你能赶上下次班机。She made (it to) the station just in time.她及时赶到了车站。〖同〗catch;
 (21)到(抵)达;达到 (arrive at or reach (a place or a certain state))[T+n 无 pass)]：The ship made the port.船驶抵港口。～the city in four hours/the party at last/the airfield with one motor failing四小时后赶到市内/终于赶上聚会/在一台发动机失灵的情况下飞回机场;～the town by down/sunset/tonight黎明时/日落前/今晚抵达镇上;The train is leaving;we can't～it. 列车要开了，我们赶不上了。The novel will～the bestseller list. 这部小说会跻身畅销书之列。The story will～headlines. 这个故事将登在头版。The news will～the front page. 这条消息将成为头条新闻。The soldier will～corporal after a few months.这个士兵在几个月后将获得下士军衔。The actress will～all-American team three years in a row.这位女演员将连续三年被选为全美明星之一。
 (22)1)达到(保持)一速度(reach or maintain(a certain speed))[I+n 无pass]：Can a horse～30 kilometres per hour? 马一小时能跑30公里吗?The car is～ing 100 miles an hour.这辆汽车正以每小时100英里的速度行驶。The airplane is～ing more than 1500 miles an hour. 这架飞机正以每小时1500英里以上的速度飞行。～a long detour绕了好长的路;2)行满，走完(距离，里程)(go or travel over a distance)[T+n无 pass]：I've made 5 miles this morning.今天上午我走了五英里。The man made a few more yards before he fell to the ground.这个人又走了几码便倒在了地上。
 (23)使(确保)成功(assure the success or fortune of)[T+n]：His acting made the film. 他的表演使该片轰动一时。Her singing made the show. 她的演唱使演出成功。The scenery made the movie.该景色使影片更加完美。The night made the soldier. 那一夜使这个战士一举成功。The novel made a young writer. 这本书使年轻作家一举成名。The weather～s a day's journey. 天气使当天的旅行得以成行。Clothes～the man.人靠衣服。
 (24)吃(饭)(eat or have(a meal))[T+n]：～one's breakfast on bread/lunch on soup and a sandwich早饭吃的面包/午饭吃的汤和三明治。～a hasty supper/a good lunch匆匆吃晚饭/好好吃午饭;
 (25)提出(供)(put sth forward)[T+n，D+n+n]：～a suggestion/a proposal提出建议/提议;～sb an offer/an apology/a present/a request向某人开价/道歉/送礼物/提要求;～a bid of $50 for a painting 出价50美元买一幅油画;
 (26)做出仿佛要做某事的样子(behave as if one is about to do sth or appear to begin an action)[I+to-inf]：～as if to hit sb/throw the ball/leave the room/stand up做出好像要打某人/要投球/要离开房间/要站起来的样子;He made as though to hand it to me.他好像是要把它递给我。
 (27)(与动作名词构成短语，语义常等于该名词的同义动词)：～an answer/a journey/a mistake/a promise/an agreement/an application/an attempt/an appointment/a guess/a decision，etc(=answer/journey/mistake/promise/agree/apply/attempt/appoint/guess/decide，etc)作答/旅行/出错/承诺/同意/申请/试图/任命/猜测/决定;We shall～an early start.我们应早出发。
 (28)得分 (score in a game esp cricket) [T+n]：～12 runs in the cricket match 在板球赛中得12分;～a home run (棒球)得本垒打分;
 (29)洗牌(shuffle the cards)[T+n，I]：M～the pack，please.请洗牌。Is it your turn to～? 该你洗牌吗?
 (30)赢(一墩牌)(win(a trick)with specified card)[T+n]：～one's Queen of hearts打出红桃Q赢了一墩;～two spades 赢两墩黑桃;
 make (sth)do 凑合(勉强)用：The radio isn't what we wanted，but we must～do.这台收音机不理想，不过我们得凑合用。
 make do with(sth)凑合(将就)吃(用)……：have to～do with potatoes/cheap lodgings/the old coats this winter只好吃土豆/住廉价客房/今冬穿这几件旧外套凑合;
 make do on 靠……维持生活：I can't～do on my salary.我靠自己的薪水维持不了生活。
 make (sth) good 1)发迹，事业有成：He has talent and he'll～good.他有才，会有出息的。2)实现，履行：～good one's plans/promise/boast/vow实现某人的计划/承诺/夸口/誓言;He made good his escape.他成功逃脱。3)赔偿，弥补：This year's profits will～good last year's losses.今年的利润将弥补去年的损失。
 make it 成功(infml)：They will never～it across the desert.他们决不会成功穿越沙漠。
 make the most of 充分(尽量)获取：You'll only get one chance，so you'd better～the most of it. 你仅有一次机会，最好充分利用。
 make much of　1)大肆渲染，强调：The boy made much of the hard things of his mountain climb.男孩重点讲述了他爬山时的艰辛经历。2)(充分)理解(用于neg和inter)：I couldn't～much of his lecture/his speech.他的课/话我听不懂。
 make nothing of不当一回事：These experienced climbers～nothing of the difficulties of an ordinary climb. 有经验的登山队员攀登一般难度的山峰不当一回事。
 make sth of sb/sth理解：What do you～of all this/his last letter/her behavior/these strange marks? 你怎样理解这一切/他最近的来信/她的行为/这些奇怪的符号?
 make or break 成败，兴衰：The competition will either～her or break her.这次比赛使她要么一举成功，要么一败涂地。
 make after (v prep)追赶(捕)(vt)：The policeman made after the jewel thieves.警察追捕盗珠宝的贼。
 make at (v prep)朝……袭击(打)，扑向(vt)：The prisoner made at the guard with a knife.囚犯拿着刀朝狱警扑来。
 make away with (v adv prep) 1)自杀(vt)：She tried to～away with herself by drinking poison.她试图服毒自杀。2)携带赃款逃出(vt)：The cashier made away with the company's funds. 出纳员携带公司的资金逃跑了。
 make for (v prep) 1)(尤指匆匆)走向，朝……前进(vt无pass)：After the film the audience made for the nearest door.电影演完了，观众拥向离自己最近的出口。2)有助于，导致(vt 无pass)：Conduct of that kind does not～for good relations between employers and employees.那样做无助于劳资双方的良好关系。
 make off (v adv)逃掉(走，窜)(vi)(infml)：When the deer saw the hunter，it made off at once.鹿一见到猎人，便逃之夭夭。
 make off with (v adv prep) 携赃物逃跑 (vt)(infml)：The thieves made off with the jewels. 窃贼带着珠宝溜掉了。
 make one's way 前往(某处)，去：～one's way through the crowd/along the street/up the stairs/towards the river/to the public library穿过人群向前/沿大街/向台阶/朝小河/往图书馆走去;
 make out (v adv) 1)进展，生活(的情况)(vi)(infml)(与how连用)：How are you～ing out these days? 你这些日子生活得还好吧? 2)理解，明白(vt)：Can you～out what he is saying/why he isn't here/his ideas? 你明白他说的是什么意思/为什么他没到场/他的想法吗? 3)看清楚，认(出)，辩识：I could just～out the figure/the handwriting/the signature/the expression(on the face)/the ship(in the distance)/who was coming along the road/what the child had drawn.我刚好能看清那人/字迹/签字/(脸上的)表情/(远处的)船只/沿路走来的人/孩子画的是什么。4)假装，装出(vt)：Let's～out that we are wrecked on a desert island.假设我们的船失事了，漂流到荒岛上。He made out to be ill.他装病。5)把……说成是，声称(vt)：He's not the fool you made him out to be.他不像你说的那样是个傻瓜。He made out that his car had been stolen.他坚持说汽车被盗了。
 make over (v adv) 1)改造(变)(vt)：Human nature can't be made over easily.人的本性不易改变。2)移交，(转让)财产(vt)：The house was made over to the eldest son.这幢房屋已经移交给了大儿子。3)翻新，改建(vt)： The garage has been made over into a playroom. 车库改成了娱乐室。The basement has been made over into a workshop. 地下室改成了工作间。
 make up (v adv) 1)虚构，创造(vt)：～up stories/excuses/poems/words 虚构故事/编造借口/编写诗句/编造谎言; 2)弥补，补充(足)：～up the time/sleep/hour one lost弥补失去的时间/睡眠/时间;～up a loss 弥补损失; 3)准备，安排(vt)：have a bed/a cot/a comp bed made up in the spare room 让人在空房内把床铺/童床/折叠床安置好; 4)化装(vt & vi)：The actors were～ing up.演员在化装。He made himself up as a clown.他把自己化装成一个丑角。5)铺路(面)等(vt 尤pass)：The road/street should be made up next year.公路/街道明年应重新铺设路面。6)缝(裁)制，做成(vt)：～up an apron/a suit做围裙/一套衣服;This length of cloth should be made up into three pairs of trousers.这块料子应做成三条裤子。7)配制药品，处方(vt)：～up a prescription开药方;My father used to～up his own medicines. 我父亲过去总是自己配药。 8)组(构)成(vt)： Ten chapters～up a volume. 一卷书有10章。The foreign students～up most of the class. 外籍学员在班里占大多数。Nine players～up a team.九个人组成一个球队。Different qualities～up a person's character.各种不同的特性构成一个人的性格。The car is made up of many different parts.汽车是由许多不同部件组装的。9)包装(扎)(vt)：～up a packet of sandwich/a bundle of old clothes/a basket of food包一包三明治/一包旧衣服/一篮食品;10)加大(vt & vi)：The fire needs～ing up every hour.炉火每小时加旺一次。We have to～the fire up.我们得把火烧旺。11)言归于好，和解(vt & vi)：She has made her quarrel up with me.她和我言归于好。Did he～up to you? 他与你和好了吗?
 make up for(v adv prep) 1)弥补，补偿(vt)：The beautiful view at the top of the mountain～s up for the hard climb to get there.山顶的美丽景色足以补偿登山时所付出的艰辛。2)弥补时间(vt)：Mary had to～up for the lessons she missed in school when she was sick. 玛丽得补上她生病时缺的课。
 make up to(v adv prep)讨好，奉承(vt)(infml)：He's always～ing up to the teacher by bringing her presents.他常给老师带礼物，讨好老师。
 make it up to 回报(报答)，向……补偿：I'm sorry，I can't take you to Athens but I'll～it up to you soon.对不起，我现在不能带你去雅典。不过用不了多久我会让你如愿以偿。
 make with(v prep)迅速拿(弄)来(vt)(AmE，sl)：“M～with the food.We're starv-ing.”“弄点吃的来。我们都饿了。”
 →′make-believe n 假装，想象;想象之物;′make-up n 化妆品;′maker n 造物主，上帝;′makeshift n & adj(临时的)代用品;′makeweight n (磅秤上)补足重量的东西，不重要的人物