(1)放置(倒);铺设(put sb/sth in a particular place，on a surface，etc;cause to lie)[T+n，T+n+prep，T+n+adv，C+n+adj]：～an underground pipeline/a new oil pipe/a cable 铺设一条地下管道/新的石油管道/电缆;～the table 在桌上摆好餐具;～a trap 设置陷阱;～bricks 砌砖;～a good foundation 打好基础;～a book/a glass/a slip of paper on the desk 把书/杯子/纸条放在书桌上;～one's cards on the table 摊牌;～one's eyes on ... 看见(发现)……;～violent hands on sb 对某人下毒手;～a blanket over a sleeping child 把毯子盖在睡着的孩子身上;～one's book/one's toys aside 把书/玩具放在一边;She laid herself down gently. 她轻轻地躺下来。～down one's arms 放下武器;～down one's life 献出生命;The storm/tornado laid the crops (the houses) flat. 风暴/龙卷风使庄稼倒伏(房屋倒塌)。They laid the boards flat. 他们把木板铺平。〖同〗 place，put;

(2)涂，覆盖(spread;cover)[T+n，T+n+prep(on/over/with)]：～the paint evenly 均匀地涂油漆;～plaster on the wall 在墙上涂灰泥;～straw over the yard 把稻草铺在院子里;～a carpet on the floor/the floor with a carpet 在地板上铺地毯;

(3)使处于某种状态(cause sb or sth to be in a certain state)[T+n，T+n+prep](fml)：The failure of his crops laid him in debt. 庄稼歉收使他负债。～sb's doubts at/to rest 消除某人的疑虑;The city was laid in ashes. 全城化为灰烬。～sb under an obligation to do sth 使某人承担做某事的义务;～one's heart bare 流露真情;

(4)使落下(cause to settle)[T+n]：The shower has laid the dust. 一阵雨使灰尘落地。think carefully before～ing pen to paper 落笔前仔细斟酌;

(5)生蛋(produce eggs)[I，T+n]：My hens are～ing well. 我的母鸡产蛋很多。A turtle～s many eggs at once. 海龟一次生很多的蛋。A black hen～s a white egg.(prov)丑妇生俊儿。

(6)打赌(put down as a bet)[T+n，T+n+prep(on)，D+n+n 无 pass]：～thirty dollars on a horse 在一匹马身上赌30美元; I'll～you ten dollars that he wins. 我看他能赢，我愿拿10美元和你打赌。〖同〗 bet;

lay about (v prep) 1)向四面八方乱打(vt)：He laid about him with a stick，to defend himself from three attackers. 他用棍子乱打，不让三名攻击者近身。2)痛打(斥)(vt)(=lay into)：The two men laid about/into him with hands and boots. 那两个人对他拳打脚踢。I let him have his say，and then I laid into him. 我让他说完，然后痛斥他。

lay aside (v adv)(fml) 1)放在一边(vt)：～one's book aside 把书放在一边;2)放弃(vt)：～a plan aside with disappointment 失望地放弃一项计划;3)留出备用(=lay by)(vt)：～aside one hour a day for reading 每天留出一小时时间读书;I have a little money laid aside for a rainy day. 我积蓄了一些钱以备不时之需。

lay down (v adv) 1)(开始)建造(vt)：～down a new warship/a railway建造新的战舰/一条铁路;2)放弃(vt)(fml)：～down one's power/one's office/one's duties 放弃权力/放弃职务/中止义务;3)规(制)定(vt)：Follow the procedure laid down in the booklet. 按照小册子规定的程序操作。

lay in (v adv)储备(vt)：～in plenty of food/coal/provisions for the winter 为过冬储备大量的食品/煤/食物;

lay off (v adv) 1)解雇(vt)：The car factory was to～people off again. 汽车厂又要解雇工人了。2)停止，不再做……(vi & vt)：～off for a rest 停工休息;Why don't you～off smoking for a while until your cough gets better? 你为什么不等咳嗽好些再吸烟呢?

lay on (v adv) 1)安装，涂上(油漆)(vt)：～on water and gas 安装自来水和煤气;They laid on two coats of paint. 他们涂了两层油漆。2)准备，安排(vt)：～on a party/a trip 准备一次晚会/旅行;Operas were laid on for the delegates. 为代表们安排了歌剧演出。

lay out (v adv) 1)打昏(vt)：The blow laid him out. 一拳就把他打昏了。2)规划，设计(vt 常 pass)：The gardens were beautifully laid out. 花园设计得很美。3)花(钱)(vt)(infml)：How much did you have to～out for your new car? 你买新车花了多少钱?4)展(摊)开(vt)：～out the beautiful jewellery in the shop window 把漂亮的珠宝陈列在橱窗里;

lay over (v adv)(AmE)(中途)停留(vi)：～over in St. Louis for two hours waiting for a plane for Seattle 在圣路易斯停留两小时等待飞往西雅图的飞机;

lay oneself out 尽最大的努力：She laid herself out to give her guests an enjoyable holiday. 她尽最大努力使客人们度过一个愉快的假日。

lay up (v adv) 1)使病倒(vt 通常pass)：He has been laid up with the flu. 他患流感，病倒了。2)贮藏(vt)：They have laid up large supplies of food. 他们贮藏了大量食品。3)搁置：Bill had to～up his boat when school started. 开学了，比尔只得把船闲置在船坞。

→′layaway n 预约购货法;′lay-off n 解雇;′layout n 设计，布局，安排;′lay-over n 中途短暂停留;

【注意】lay是及物动词，意为放置。lay也是不及物动词lie(lay，lain，lying)的过去时，lie意为躺着。另一个不及物动词lie(lied，lied，lying) 意为说谎。

【辨异】put、place、lay和set表示将某物放在某地或使之处于某种姿势。put是通用词，如：to put the dishes on the table(把盘子摆放在桌子上);to put one's hands up(举起手来)。place较正式，并且暗指准确的动作和确切的位置，如：He placed his hand on the Bible.(他把手放在《圣经》上。)lay原指使躺倒，set原指使坐，这两个词特别强调物体放置的姿势。lay通常暗指把一物体小心地水平放置，如：They laid the injured boy on the grass.(他们把受伤的男孩平放在草地上)。set通常指直立放置，如：to set a post in the ground(在地上立根标杆)。