n (1)(艰苦的)劳动(work;hard work)[U]：do (perform) manual/physical/mental～干/从事体力/体力/脑力劳动;spare no～不遗余力 painstaking/productive/unproductive/volunteer～艰苦的/生产/非生产性/义务劳动;division of～劳动分工;～camps 劳改营;〖反〗 rest，leisure;

(2)工作，任务(piece of work;task)[C 通常pl]：Success crowned his～s. 他的辛劳最后获得了成功。Hercules was given twelve～s to perform. 交给赫拉克勒斯12项任务去完成。

(3)劳工(workers of a country or industry，considered as a group)[U]：shortage of skilled～技工短缺;unskilled～非技术工人;Most of the nation's～is on strike. 这个国家大多数劳工在罢工。a～exchange 劳工(职业)介绍所;the～force/union 劳动力/工会;～relations 劳资关系;L～Day 劳动节(5月1日，在美国为9月的第一个星期一);the L～Party(英)工党;

(4)分娩，阵痛(process or pains of childbirth)[U]：have a difficult/natural/painless～难产/顺产/无痛分娩;have an easy～ 顺产;go into/be in～进入分娩阶段/在分娩中;

a labour of love 出于喜爱而自愿做的事：Knitting him that sweater was a～of love. 为他织那件毛衣完全是出于爱心。

→͵labour-in′tensive adj 劳动密集型的;′labour-saving adj 节省劳力的;

vi (1)劳动，辛劳(do work;work hard)[I，I+prep，I+adv，I+to-inf]：～in the mines/the fields for 30 years 在矿上/田间辛劳30年;～at (on) a task/a book 辛勤地做一项工作/编写一本书;The editor～ed on the manuscript till early morning. 编辑辛辛苦苦地修改稿件直到清晨。The men～ed on/away into the night. 那些人一直/不停地干到深夜。～to finish a task on time为按时完成任务而努力工作;〖反〗 rest，relax;

(2)费(努)力地做某事(do sth with difficulty and effort)[I，I+prep，I+to-inf]：～for breath 吃力地呼吸;The ship～ed through the heavy sea. 船在波涛汹涌的海面上颠簸前行。 The wheels～ed in the sand. 轮子在沙里费力地转动。They～ed through the thick forest and up the steep hill.他们艰难地穿过茂密的森林，攀上陡峭的山坡。～to understand what is said 努力听懂所说的话;〖同〗struggle;

labour the point 一再详细解释(已知的事)：Although we all knew what the difficulty was，he wasted time～ing the point. 虽然我们都了解困难是什么，他还是浪费时间啰唆地讲述。

labour under 1)受……之苦(fml)：The school～ed under the disadvantage of not having enough textbooks. 该校吃了教科书不足之苦。2)受骗(fml)：He～ed under the delusion that he could never make a mistake. 他以为自己从来不会犯错误。

→′labo(u)red adj 费力的，不自然的;′la-bourer n 劳动者，工人;′labo(u)ring adj 劳动的;la′bo(u)rious adj 勤劳的，吃力的，不流畅的;

【辨异】1)labour常指艰苦的体力劳动。work泛指一般的工作，可以是体力的或脑力的，轻松的或繁重的，愉快的或不愉快的等。2)laboured与elaborate和studied的区别见ELABORATE。