adj(1)抽象的(that which exists in thought instead of being physically real)[无comp]：an～idea/argument/principle/noun 抽象的概念/论据/原理/名词;～thought/reasoning 抽象思维/推理;～words like “justice” 像“正义”这样的抽象字眼;Truth/Beauty is～.真理/美是抽象的。〖同〗theoretic-(al);〖反〗concrete，material;

(2)泛泛(不明晰)的(general as opposed to particular;not clear)：His reasoning seems/His ideas on this matter seem rather(very)～.他的推理/他对这事的意见太(非常)笼统。The explanation is too～for me.这解释太空洞，我听不明白。The plans were too～to be put into operation.这些计划太空泛，无法实施。an～sense of duty 朦胧的责任感;〖同〗general;〖反〗specific;

(3)抽象派的((of art) connected with colour，shape，patterns，etc rather than showing things as they really appear)：an～painting/sculpture/painter/art 抽象派画作/雕塑/画家/艺术;Modern art is often rather～.现代艺术常常太抽象。〖反〗concrete;

n(1)抽象(概念和性质)(abstract idea or quality)[C];

(2)抽象派艺术品(an abstract painting，sculpture，etc)[C]：a painter of～s 抽象派画家;paint～s 画抽象派画;

(3)摘(提)要(a brief account of a book，statement，speech，etc)[C]：make an～of a lecture/a speech/a book/an article 做讲演/讲话/书/文章的摘要;〖同〗summary;

in the abstract 笼统(不具体)地，理论上：He always deals with problems in the～and never thinks of practical details.他处理问题总是很笼统，从来不考虑细节。

vt(1)提炼(取)，抽出(remove sth by drawing out gently; separate sth from sth) [T+n+prep(from)]：processes to～metal from ore 从矿砂中提炼金属的过程;This machine～s salt from sea water.这台机器用海水提炼盐。〖同〗extract，remove，separate;〖反〗add，mix，unite，combine;

(2)摘要(make a brief account of a book，statement，speech，etc)[T+n]：～a book/an article 做一本书/一篇文章的摘要;It is not easy to～his speech.写出他讲话的摘要不容易。〖同〗summarize;

(3)使抽象(化)(consider as a general quality apart from specific objects or instances)[T+n]：～the motion of time，space and matter 使时间、空间和物质的概念抽象化;～the common qualities of mankind from a group of individuals 从一群个体中归纳出人类的共同特性;

→ ab′stracted adj 心不在焉的;ab-′stractedly adv 心不在焉地;出神地;ab′straction n心不在焉，发愣;提炼，抽取;不切实际的念头