proof

n.
1.testing,experiment,test,trial检验，试验，考验，试探。
△ Ado.4.1.45:“in your own proof，”由你自己考验。
△ Tw.3.4.202 (181):“proof itself”，实际考验本身。
△Tw.3.4.293 (264):“Nothing of that wonderfulpromise,to read him by his form,as you are like tofind him in the proof of his valour.”从他的外表来看，你看不出任何惊人之处，像你在和他决斗的勇气考验中可能会发现的。
△Ham.4.7.154:“If this did blast in proof.”(Animage from gunnery.) 如果这一计在试验中失败。
△ 1H.IV.2.2.75 (69): “Well,we leave that to theproof.”好，我们让事实来考验吧。
△1H.VI.1.2.94:“Only this proof I'll of thy valour make.”我只要这样试验一下你的勇气。
△H.VIII.1.1.196:“I do pronounce him inthat very shape / He shall appear in proof.”我现在所宣告的正是以后一定能查明的他的真正形象。
2. actual experience. experience亲历，经验。
△Tw.31.138(124): “for 'tis a vulgar proof / That very oftwe pity enemies ”这是常有的经验：我们对敌人也往往会发生怜悯。
△Mer.1.1.145(144): “this childhood proof.”这一段儿童时代的经验。
△Rom.1.1.174 (169): “Alasthat love,so gentle in his view. Should be so tyrannous and rough in proof(i.e. when actually experienced)!”唉，爱神外表这样温柔，行起事来却如此专横、粗暴！
△Ham.3.2.181(169): “Now what my love is,proofhath made you know，”我的情爱怎样，经验已经使你明了。
△R.III.2.3.43:“as by proof we see / The waterswell before a boisterous storm.”正像凭着经验我们看见海水高涨就知道要有一场暴风雨。
3. tested strength (of armour or arms),invulnerability,impenetrability （盔甲或武器）考验过的强度，刀枪不入。
△Ham.3.4.38: “That it be proof and bulwark against sense.”以至于它变得像铜墙铁壁刀枪不入，能够抵御感情的渗透。
4. (abstract for concrete) armour that is proof against weapons,armour tested and found impenetrable,impenetrable armour刀枪不入的盔甲。
△R.III.5.3.219(218): “ten thousand soldiers / Armed in proof and led by shallow Richmond.”浅薄的里士满所率领的身披刀枪不入的盔甲的十万士兵。
△Rom.1.1.216 (210): “And instrong proof of chastity well armed，” i.e. in thestrong impenetrable armour of virginity she is wellarmed. 她有坚不可破的贞操像铠甲一样严密防身。
△Mac.1.2.55 (54):“lapped in proof.”穿戴上坚固的盔甲。
5. example榜样。
△Lr.2.3.13:“The country gives me proof and precedent / Of Bedlam beggars.”乡间给我提供了不少疯乞丐的榜样和先例。
6. written evidence证词。
△H.VIII. 2.1.16: “Urged on the examinations,proofs. confessions / Of divers witnesses.”根据各个证人的作证书、证词和口供，坚持控告。
7. ❶trial,test试验，考验。
❷issue,result,fulfilment结果，效果，完成。
come to any proof: stand much testing,stand the test,have proved any good,turn out well经受住多少考验，经得起考验，证明有什么用处，最后有什么出息。
△2H.IV.4.3.96 (90): “There’s never none of these demure boys (i.e. boys who) come to any proof，”像这样一本正经的孩子们，没有一个会成什么气候的。
Phrases:
just proof: proof of integrity证明为正直。
△Lr. 3. 6.122(113): “In thy just proof”，i.e. upon your being proved guiltless. 在证明你无辜之后。
of proof: ❶impenetrable,tested by experience and hence reliable,as a coat of mail（像铠甲一样）牢不可破的，久经考验的。
❷well worn,badly worn穿得很旧的，穿得太破的。
△2H.VI.4.2.67 (60):“He need not fear thesword,for his coat is of proof.”他不必怕剑，因为他的铠甲(双关：外套)已经久经考验(双关：破得不能再破)了。 proof of arms: test of skill at arms比武。
△1H.IV.5.2. 53: “Unless a brother should a brother dare / Togentle exercise and proof of arms.”除非是弟弟向哥哥提出挑战，要进行一番平和的比武演习。
put in proof: put to the test,try in the experiment使受检验，使受试验。
△Lr.4.6.190(185):“I'll put't inproof，”我要把它试验一下。
to the proof: so armed as to be invulnerable有恃无恐。
△ Shr.2.1.141 (140): “to the proof,as mountainsare for winds，”有恃无恐，正像被风吹的山岳一样。
to no proof: to no purpose,fruitless徒劳无益，毫无结果。
△Shr.4.3.43:“all my pains is sorted to no proof.”我的辛苦都白费了。

• apply
• appoint
• appointment
• apportion
• apposite
• apposition
• appraise
• appreciable
• appreciate
• appreciation
• apprehend
• apprehension
• apprehensive
• apprentice
• apprise
• appro
• approach
• approbation
• appropriate
• appropriate
• approval
• approve
• approximate
• approximate
• appurtenance