v (1) 拖，拉，拽(pull (sth heavy) along with effort and difficulty)[T+n， T+n+prep， T+n+adv]：～a heavy load/a chain/a box/a sack/a fallen tree 拖着重载/链子/箱子/袋子/倒下的树;～one's foot/one's broken leg 拖着脚步/一条断腿走;～sb out of water/a crashed aircraft 把某人从水中/坠毁的飞机中拽出;～sb apart to stop a fight 把……拉开以制止斗殴;～oneself along/home/to work/to bed 拖着疲惫的身子走/回家/去上班/上床;〖同〗pull， haul， draw;

(2) 磨蹭，费力地进行(move (oneself) slowly and with difficulty)[I+prep，I+adv]：～behind (the others)在(别人)后面磨磨蹭蹭地走;Don't～around looking half dead. 不要磨磨蹭蹭的，显得半死不活的样子。Traffic during the rush hour just～s. 高峰时的交通简直如蜗牛爬行。〖同〗crawl;〖反〗speed;

(3) 强使，硬拽(take (sb who was unwilling to go) with one to somewhere)[T+n+prep， T+n+adv](fig)：～oneself out of bed 强使自己起床;～sb into seeing the dentist 硬拽某人去看牙医;～a child to the dentist/a person out to walk on a cold night 硬拽一个孩子去看牙医/强拽一个人在寒冷的夜里出门散步;

(4)(使)拖着走((cause to)move along the ground or through sth)[I， I+prep， I+adv， T+n， T+n+prep]：The bottom of her long dress～ged (along) in the dust. 她长裙的裙边在尘土中拖着。Her skirt～ged (along) on the ground. 她的裙子在地上拖着。The bride's long train～ged (along) behind her. 新娘的长裙在身后拖着。His belt～ged behind him. 他的皮带垂在身后。Don't～the clothes in the mud. 不要让衣服在泥中拖着走。Sheep often～their tails through bushes. 绵羊在灌木丛中穿行时尾巴常常挂到枝杈上。(ship)～her anchor during the storm (船)在暴风雨中拖着锚漂移;〖同〗trail;

(5) 拖延(appear to be very slow-moving and boring ) [I， I+adv(on)]：The meeting/evening～ged a little. 会议/晚会拖得长了一点。The film/play ～ged terribly. 这部电影/剧太长了。The performance/lecture～ged on and on (for hours). 表演/讲演没完没了(拖了好几个小时)。The war～ged on and on for years. 战争拖了好几年。Time/The day seemed to～(on). 时间/日子似乎停滞了(过得很慢)。How much longer is the report going to～on? 这报告还要唠叨多久?〖同〗slow;

(6) 用网或钩子拖找(search(the bed of a lake， river， etc) by using a net or hook)[T+n]：～a river (looking) for/to find a drowned body (the body of a missing boy)用网在河里拖找溺水者的尸体(失踪男孩的尸体);

drag one's feet/heels 故意拖延：We suspect the Government of～ging their feet. 我们怀疑政府是在故意拖延。

drag sth in(to)扯上题外话：Politicians often～politics into everything. 政客们常常是谈什么都扯上政治。

drag out (v adv)拖延(长)(vt & vi)：～out a talk/a meeting/a discussion 使交谈/会议/讨论拖得很长;

drag sth out (of sb)使说出：～the truth/a fact/a confession/a concession out of sb 使某人说出实情/说出事实/招供/让步;

drag up (v adv)不必要地提起(vt)：Don't～up the question/the old story/the particular episode/the incident again. 不要再提起那个问题/那件旧事/那段特别情节/那件事。

n(1) 拖，拉，拽(act or state of pulling sth heavy along with effort and difficulty) [C， U];

(2) 拖拽物(sth that is pulled along over a surface) [C]：harness a horse to the～给马套上车;

(3)累赘，拖累，阻止(person or thing that makes progressing or moving difficult) [C， a～][N(on/upon)](infml)：His family was a～on his career (progress). 他的家庭对他的事业(进步)是个累赘。His lack of business sense/lack of education was a～on his career(progress). 缺乏商业意识/受教育不够对他的事业(进步)是个障碍。This mud causes a～on the wheels. 泥泞的路使车轮转动受阻。have a～on one's fishing reel 钓鱼线绕轴上安了制动器;

(4) 飞行阻力(resistance of the air to the movement of an aircraft) [U]：The design of the aircraft reduces～. 这架飞机的结构设计降低了阻力。

(5) 无聊的事和人(thing or person that is dull and boring) [U， a～](sl)：The party was a～. Let's go home. 那聚会没意思，咱们回家吧。Ironing sheets/Washing-up/Walking is a～. 熨被单/饭后洗碗碟/步行很烦人。His wife is a～.他妻子是个乏味的人。Don't be such a～— come along with us. 别那么别扭——和我们一起去吧。

(6)吸(香烟)(act of breathing in smoke from a cigarette) [C](sl)：take a long～at one's cigarette 长长地吸一口烟;

(7)(男人穿上的)女装(women's clothes worn by a man)[U](sl)：in～(男人)穿着女装;He appeared in～as the fairy queen in the play. 他在剧中着女装扮演仙女皇后。 She looks like a prize-fighter in～. 她穿着异性服装看起来像个职业拳击手。a～act/artiste 男扮女装的表演/艺术大师;

→′dragster n 改装的加速赛车;′drag-hunt n 嗅迹守猎法;′draghound n 猎犬;′drag-net n 拖网;法网;

【辨异】drag与draw，pull和trail都表示用力气使某物随身后移动。pull(拉，拽) 用得最广，囊括了其他几个词的所有语义，如：pull a wagon behind(身后拉着货车);drag 指使很重的物体在(水平或倾斜)地面上克服摩擦力或重力、阻力等费力地拖动;draw(拉，拽) 比pull较正式，不如其通俗，如：draw/pull a boat onto the beach(把船拉上海滩);此外，draw 还可表示“拉开(上)(窗帘) ”; trail(拉，拽) 指在身后漫不经心地拖拽，如：trail one's teddy bear behind(身后拉着一只玩具熊);还有haul和tow也与上述词同义。haul(拉，拽) 与drag 一样，表示使很重的物体费力地在地面上拉或提拉，特别是用绳子拉，如：haul the raft over the sand-bar(把木排拖上沙堤);haul 还有用车辆搬运沉重物品或器材的含义;tow(拉，拽) 指车辆等用绳子或链子拖拉损坏的物体，通常不太费力，如：tow a car to a garage/a ship into port(把车子拖去修车场/船拖去海港)。