n (1) 混(紊，杂)乱(lack of order or regular arrangement) [U]：(house/room/country/everything/hair/clothes)be in(a state of)great (dreadful)～(房子/房间/国家/一切/头发/衣服)乱糟糟的;with one's papers/one's thoughts/one's financial affairs in (complete)～文件/思绪/财务一团糟;(enemy) retreat/(soldiers) flee/(hair) blow/(meeting) break up in～(敌人)溃不成军/(士兵)慌乱逃窜/(头发)刮成乱草/(会议)乱成一团;(burglars) leave the premises/the room in (a state of)～(窃贼)把住宅/房间翻得乱七八糟地走了;(strike) throw the country into～(罢工)使国家一片混乱;come home to total～回到家一看，家里乱糟糟的;not like/stand the～of the garage 不喜欢/无法忍受车库里杂乱无章;〖同〗mess，confusion，irregularity;〖反〗order;

(2) 1) 骚乱(动)(violent disturbance of public order) [U]：The police went to the scene of the～. 警察前往骚乱现场。The new laws led to scenes of～throughout the country. 新法律引起全国的骚乱。the campus～校园骚乱;a serious risk of public～(发生)公众骚乱的严重危险;〖同〗disturbance; 2) 暴乱(act of strong and often violent public disapproval) [C]：lead to violent civil～s 引起民众狂烈的暴乱;touch off/deal with/quiet～s 引起/对付/平息暴乱;

(3) 小病，失调(disturbance of health or function in body or mind) [C， U](fml)：suffer from (have) (a) stomach/kidney/mental/nervous～患有胃病/肾病/精神病/神经病;suffer from (have)～s of the lungs/the digestive system/the mind/the bowels 患有肺部/消化系统/精神/肠道疾病;painful stomach～s 胃痛;〖同〗illness， sickness， disease;

→ dis′orderly adj 混(紊，杂)乱;骚乱的;dis′orderliness n 混(紊，杂)乱;

vt 扰乱，使混乱(throw out of order)[T+n]：～sb's papers/sb's files 把某人的文件/卷宗弄乱;～the whole system by making several mistakes 出了几个错把整个系统都搞乱了;

→ dis′ordered adj 混(紊，杂)乱的;

【辨异】disorder与disturbance和uproar都指安静局面的打破。disorder(骚乱，暴乱)指一城市或国家内的动荡，以及任何个人或群体间的混战;disturbance(动乱，骚乱)指disorder的实例，一般会给许多人造成不便，如：Political disturbances shook the city.(政治动乱震惊了全城。) uproar(喧嚣，喧闹)指发出嘈杂声的混乱，如：The announcement of victory caused an uproar in the waiting crowd.(胜利的宣告在等候的人群中引起一片欢呼。)