单词 | desperate |
释义 | desperate/′despərət/ adj (1) 绝望因而铤而走险的(feeling or showing great despair and ready to do anything paying no attention to danger):be/feel/become~after the failure 失败后绝望/感到绝望/变得绝望;a~look on the face 脸上不要命的表情;A~man will stop at nothing to get what he wants. 一个亡命之徒会不顾一切地去获取所需要的东西。a~criminal/killer亡命之徒/不要命的杀手;a~act/robbery 铤而走险的行为/抢劫;〖同〗wild, dangerous;〖反〗cautious, careful; (2) 极需的((of a person)having an urgent and great need (for sth or to do sth) [A(for), A+to-inf][通常作pred]:be~for money/work/food/news/attention 极需钱/工作/食物/消息/关注;I'd steal if I could. I'm so~. 要是可能我甚至会去偷,我太需要了。be~to see sb/to go away/to get into university 极需见某人/走开/进大学; (3) 极度的(extreme; very great):be in~need of help 极需帮助;a~urge 强烈的冲动;〖同〗extreme, great; (4) 危急的((of a state of affairs)extremely serious or dangerous):a~situation/state 危急的局势/状况;a~illness/disease 严重的疾病/疾病;a~shortage极其短缺;Things look~. 事情看来很危急。The situation is~. 局势危急。The state of the country is~.(The country is in a~state.) 国家局势极为严峻。〖同〗serious,critical,dangerous; (5) 徒劳的,孤注一掷的((of an action)giving little hope of success; done as a last attempt) [通常作attrib]:a~remedy/measure/method 徒劳的补救办法/措施/方法;make a last~effort/attempt to win 孤注一掷,以求取胜;make a~appeal for help 徒劳地恳求帮助; →′desperately adv 拼命地;危急地;͵despe-′ration n 绝望; 【说明】desperation与despair都当“绝望”讲,其不同之处在于:desperation有处于绝望之中但要不顾任何危险竭力挣扎之意,而despair 则无挣扎之意,只是被动处于绝望境地。 【辨异】desperate与hopeless都可指失去希望。hopeless(没希望的,令人绝望的)指感到徒劳而任命运摆布,如:a hopeless case of cancer(毫无治愈希望的癌症病例);desperate指的是由于失去希望而铤而走险、孤注一掷,既可指人的情感,也可指形势,如:a desperate killer(亡命的杀手),a desperate illness(极为严重的疾病);还有despairing(绝望的),表示由于某一情况(可重大,也可无关紧要)而失去希望,指对可能性的理智判断,如:despairing of victory/finding one's watch(对胜利/找到手表毫不抱希望);还有despondent(失望的,沮丧的),总是含有沮丧、悲观的语义,主要指情感状态,而不是理智判断,如:despondent over ill health(因为身体不好而悲观失望)。 |
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