n (1)面包(馅饼)皮(hard outer surface of baked bread;pasty shell of a pie，tart，etc)[U，C]：The～of the bread/the apple-pie is burnt (delicious).面包/苹果馅饼皮糊了(很好吃)。a white loaf with a crisp brown～一个外皮焦脆的白面包;The child would not eat the～s.那孩子就是不吃面包皮。cut the～s off切掉面包外皮;

(2)薄脆的面包片(thin slice of bread consist-ing mostly of this part)[C]：She makes excellent～s.她做的面包片又薄又脆。share one's last～with sb (fig) 与别人分享最后的一片面包(同舟共济);

(3)硬壳(any hard outer layer or covering)[C，U]：movements of the earth's～地壳运动;break through the～of ice to get to the water below砸破冰层以够着下面的水;a thin～of ice/frozen snow 一层薄薄的冰/冻雪;the～over the wound伤口上的硬痂;The snow had a fine～on it.这雪上面结有一层薄薄的壳。

→′crusty adj 带硬皮(壳)的;暴躁的;′crustily adv 暴躁地;′crustiness n 暴躁;′crusted adj 有外(硬)壳的;

v (使)结上硬皮(壳)((cause to)become covered with a crust)[T+n，I+adv(over)]：Mother～ed the pie. 母亲把馅饼烤出脆皮。The snow/gravy/surface of the liquid gradually～ed over.雪/肉汁/液体表面慢慢结上了一层硬壳(皮)。