v (1)聚精会神，集中(思想，注意，精力等)(keep or direct(all one's thoughts，attention，efforts，etc)on sth，not thinking about other less important things)[I，I+prep(on/upon)，T+n+prep(on/upon)]：She couldn't～with all that noise going on/because it is too hot.一片嘈杂/太热了，她无法全神贯注。～sharply in an effort to understand a speaker极力全神贯注地去理解讲话者的意思;～up (upon) one's studies/one's work/a book/a task/studying/driving/what one is doing/what sb is saying聚精会神地学习/工作/看一本书/执行一个任务/学习/开车/做一件事/听某人的话;～one's efforts on improving education/one's attention on a problem/one's energy on the study of English/one's whole mind on one thing全力改进教育/一心解一道题/全副精力学英语/一门心思做一件事;～the (one's) mind 紧张认真地思考;

(2)(使)集中(结)，聚集((cause to) come together at one place)[I+prep，T+n+prep]：(birds/troops/crowds)～in the woods(鸟/部队/人群)聚集在树林中;(clouds)～over the western horizon(云)聚集在西边地平线上;～gunfire on a town把炮火集中射向一个城镇;～industrial development/new industries in the south把工业开发/新工业集中在南方;～all one's resources on one project把全部财力集中在一个项目上;～all the troops/the attack/a powerful fleet at the harbour把所有的部队/进攻/一支强大的舰队集中在那个港口;(population/modern industry/shops)be～d in large cities(人口/现代工业/商店)集中在大城市;〖同〗focus，centre;

(3)浓缩(make sth (esp a liquid) stronger by reducing its volume)[T+n]：C～the broth by boiling it. 把肉汤煮浓些。The juice was～d by boiling to get rid of excess water.煮掉多余的水分，果汁就变浓了。～fruit juice把果汁浓缩;〖同〗reduce，condense，thicken;〖反〗thin;

→′concentrated adj 集中的，强烈的;浓缩的;͵concen′tration n 集中(力);聚集;

n 浓缩物(substance made stronger，esp by removing extra liquid)[C，U]：dishwashing～浓缩洗洁剂;(an) orange juice～浓缩橘子汁;～of clove oil浓缩的丁香油;

【辨异】 1)concentrate 与 focus 都可当“聚精会神”讲，如：concentrate (focus) one's attention/one's mind on work。focus(vt)的本义是“使……集中到一个焦点”，如：focus the sun's rays on sth(把阳光聚焦到某物上);concentrate 则是“(使……)集中到一处”(见(2))。2)concentrate与contract²、condense 和compress都是“使减小所占空间但保留其原有内容”。contract² 是“(使)收缩”之意，如：contract a muscle(使肌肉收缩);condense是“(增大密度以)使浓(压)缩”之意，如：condense milk/a novel(使牛奶浓缩/压缩小说);compress是“(借助于外部压力)使浓(压)缩”之意，如：compress clay into bricks(把粘土压成砖);concentrate 则是“去掉不必要的东西而使浓缩”之意。