adj (1)接(靠)近的(near in space，distance or time)[A(to)][作pred]：be～to the shop/the sea/the people靠近商店/海/人民;be～to each other in age 年龄相近;keep～to sb/the coast 不远离某人/海岸;The two houses/Their birthdays are very～together.两座房子/他们的生日相隔很近。Winter was～.冬天快到了。It was～to 8 o'clock.马上就到8点了。〖同〗near，nearby;〖反〗far，distant;

(2)近亲的(very near in relationship)： a～relation/relative很近的亲属/亲戚;

(3)亲密的(very friendly;intimate;dear)[A(to)]：a～friend/acquaintance/ associate/friendship/relationship亲密的朋友/熟人/伙伴/友谊/关系;～cooperation亲密的合作;work together in～harmony 在一起亲密和谐地工作;My sister is very～to me.(My sister and I are very～.)我和我妹妹很亲。〖同〗intimate;〖反〗distant;

(4)紧密的，(稠)密的(with little or no space in between the parts;tight;dense)：advance in～formation排着密集的队形迈进;(fabric)be of a～weave(织物)织得很密;the～texture of the cloth 布的密纹;use～stitches用密密的针脚;The dress was a～fit.这衣服很紧身。〖同〗tight，dense;

(5)高(极)度的(to a high degree)：a～resemblance/similarity酷似;This dark pink is～to red.这暗桃红色近似于红色。〖同〗near;

(6)密切的，仔细的，详细的(thorough;careful;in great details)[作attrib]：pay～attention to sth密切注意……;make a～translation/study严谨的翻译/仔细的研究;a～examination of the facts缜密审查事实;〖同〗careful，attentive，thorough;〖反〗careless，inattentive;

(7)势均力敌的((of a competition，race，game，etc)almost even;having a narrow difference between winning and losing)：a～contest/match/game/race/election势均力敌的竞赛/比赛/比赛/赛跑/选举;The match was very～.那场比赛双方势均力敌。The result was～.结果是双方比分很接近。〖同〗well-matched;〖反〗unmatched，uneven，unequal;

(8)严格(密)的(strict;rigorous)[作attrib]：be in～confinement处于严密的管制之中;be under～arrest戒备森严的拘禁;keep sth a～secret对……严格保密;keep a～watch on the prisoner/the children 严密监视囚犯/看管小孩们;

(9)沉闷的，阴沉的((of the weather) too warm and still;oppressive;heavy)：It's very～today.今天天气很闷。It was a～afternoon/day.那是一个闷热的下午/日子。～，sultry weather闷热的天气;The weather was～and thundery.天气闷，像要打雷似的。

(10)不通风的，闷热的((of a room)lacking fresh air;too warm for comfort)：It's very～in here.这里很闷热。The room/air here/atmosphere in it is～.这房间/这儿的空气/里面的空气闷热。a hot～room闷热的房间;〖同〗stuffy;

(11)守口如瓶的((of a person)secretive;not saying very much)[A(about)][作pred]：be(keep)～about one's past life/the whole business对自己的过去/整个事情缄口不谈;

(12)吝啬的，小气的(not generous;mean;miserly)[作pred][A(with)]：be very～with(one's) money 非常吝啬钱财;〖同〗ungenerous，mean;〖反〗generous;

(13)紧贴表面的(very short or near to the surface)：A new/straight razor gives a～shave.新/平直的剃须刀刮得很净。a～haircut头发剪得很短;〖同〗smooth，neat，short;

(14)合口的((of vowels) pronounced with little space above the tongue)：～vowels合口元音;

→′closely adv 紧(亲，严)密地;′closeness n 紧(亲，严)密;

adv 紧密地，贴(靠)近地(very near;leaving little space between)：live/stand～by the coast 住/站在海岸边;come～to the coast走到海岸边;follow～behind紧跟在后;sit/stay/stick～together紧紧坐/呆/粘附在一起;

close to/(infml) on 大约：She is～on ninety.她快90岁了。～to 10，000 people大约一万人;

→͵close-′cropped，͵close-′cut adj 剪得很短的;͵close-′fitting adj 紧身的;͵close-′hauled adj 逆(顶)风的;͵close-′knit adj 志同道合的(志趣相同)的;͵close-′run adj 险胜的;͵close-′set adj 紧靠在一起的;′close-up n 特写;

【辨异】close 与 near在表示空间和时间“相距近”时，语义几乎相同，如：stand close/near to each other(站得很近)。但注意，有时两者各用于一定的名词前，不可互换，如：the near(*close)future/distance(最近的将来/近处);a close(*near)friend/contact(密友/紧密接触)。