n(1)凉气，寒气(意)(certain amount or feeling of unpleasant coldness in the weather or air，in the body，in water，etc)[C，通常 sing]：There was quite a～in the air last night.昨天夜里空气中颇有点凉意。feel the～of autumn/evening/night感觉到秋天/傍晚/夜晚的凉气;the black～of the Antarctic region北极地区的阴冷;A little～ran down her back.一丝寒气袭过她的脊背。〖同〗 chilliness，coolness，bite;〖反〗 warmth;

(2)寒战，风寒(illness caused by cold and wet weather and shown by shivering of the body)[C]：He caught a～from being out in the rain.他因在外面浇了雨而受了风寒。C～s and sneezing are signs of a cold.寒战和打喷嚏是感冒的特征。The mysterious sounds sent icy～s down my back/my spine. 那神秘的声音使我脊背冒寒气。〖同〗cold，shivering;

(3)扫兴，沮丧(unpleasant cold feeling of gloom or depression)：The bad news cast a～over the gathering/the festivities.那坏消息破坏了聚会/庆祝活动的气氛。The bad news cast a～over everyone in the room.那坏消息使室内的每一个人都感到扫兴。His entrance cast a～into them all.他的出现使他们大家都扫兴。He noticed a～in the audience.他注意到听众中的沮丧情绪。〖同〗 depression，damp;

→′chilly adj 相当冷的;冷淡的，不友好的;

v(1)1)(使)觉得冷((make sb) feel chilly) [T+n，I]：The rain (night air/March wind)～ed him to the bone/his bones.雨(夜晚的空气/3月的风)使他感到寒气刺骨。She felt her body～suddenly. 她突然感到身体发冷。My hands were～ed. 我的手冰冷。2)变凉(冷)(cause to become cold)[I，T+n]：The earth～s when the sun sets. 日落后大地变凉。The icy wind～ed her face. 冷风把她的脸吹得冰凉。

(2)1)(使)(食物)变冷，冰(食物)((of food and drink)(cause to) become cool without freezing，eg in a refrigerator)[I，T+n]：put the dessert in the refrigerator to～.把甜食放进冰箱冰一下;～a dessert/the wine使甜点心/葡萄酒变凉;Let the beer/the pudding～for half an hour.让啤酒/布丁冰镇半小时。～ed beer冰镇啤酒;The beer is best served～ed. 啤酒最好喝冰镇的。〖同〗cool;〖反〗warm，heat;2) 冷藏(食物)(preserve (food) at a low temperature without freezing it)[T+n]：～ed meat/beef冷藏肉/牛肉;

(3)1)(使)寒战(心惊)((cause to)have a feeling of cold，fear in)[I，T+n]：My heart(blood)～ed when I heard the bad news/I thought of it.听到那个坏消息/想起那件事我的心不寒而栗(血液都凉了)。His sinister threat/eerie story～ed everybody.他阴险的威胁/恐怖的故事使人不寒而栗。He was～ed by her callousness. 她的冷酷使他不寒而栗。2)(使)失望(沮丧，扫兴)((cause to) become discouraged or low in spirits)[I，T+n]：The failure(news/bad luck)～ed his hope/his enthusiasm.失败(那消息/坏运气)使他心灰意冷/热情消失。The threat of rain/bad weather～ed his enthusiasm for a trip.下雨的征兆/坏天气影响了他旅游的兴致。His affection had～ed.他的爱情已经冷却。〖同〗depress，discourage，dishearten;

→′chilling adj 恐怖的;

adj(1)寒冷的(cold)(=chilly)：A～wind/breeze blew from the North.一股寒风/寒冷的微风从北方刮来。It was a～autumn day.那是个冷飕飕的秋日。I feel～.我觉得冷。〖同〗 chilly，chilling，cold，frosty;〖反〗 warm，hot;

(2)冷淡(漠)的 (not friendly;unduly formal)：a～reception/welcome/greeting/meeting/reply 冷淡的接待/迎接/问候/会见/回答;Her suggestion was met with a～response.她的建议遭到了冷遇。〖同〗chilly，unfriendly，cold;〖反〗warm，friendly;

(3)令人失望(灰心)的(depressing or discouraging)：～prospects令人失望的前景;〖同〗 depressing，discouraging;〖反〗encouraging;

【辨异】chill与cold、chilling、chilly和cool都表示程度不同的“冷”。cold(冷的)表示冷到可能使人痛苦的程度，如：cold water(冰冷的水);chill(寒冷的)指冷到刺骨、使人颤抖、麻木的程度，如：a chill wind(刺骨的寒风);chilling指冷到有摧毁作用的程度，如：a chilling wind(凛冽的寒风);chilly(有寒意的)表示的程度轻，但也能使人颤抖、不舒服，如：a chilly room(冷冰冰的房间);cool(凉爽的)指仅有一点凉，不暖和，如：a cool evening(凉爽的夜晚)。