prep (1) 在……下面(方)(in， to or through a position lower than)：be (sit/stand/shelter)～a table/a tree/an umbrella 在(坐在/站在/躲在)桌子/树/雨伞下边;(water/boat)flow/pass～a bridge (水/船)从桥下流/通过;look～the bed 朝床下看;push sth～a table 把……推到桌子下;throw oneself～a bus 倒在公共汽车下;come/get out from～a tree (a car) 从树下(汽车底下)走/钻出来;〖同〗beneath，below，underneath;〖反〗over;
 (2)在……表面下(遮裹中)(below the surface of;covered by)：～a mountain/the ground/the sea/the water在山底下/地面下边/海水中/水中;wear a sweater～one's coat在上衣里面穿着毛线衫;creep in～the bedclothes 钻进被窝;dive～water 潜入水中;push one's hair～a headscarf把头发塞进头巾里边;〖同〗beneath，below，underneath;〖反〗above;
 (3)在……脚下(at a point or position lower or further down than)：flowers～the wall 墙脚下的鲜花;villages～the hill 山脚下的村庄;
 (4)(年龄)小于(younger than(a certain age))：They are all～20. 他们的年龄都不到20。Children～2(years old)travel free/should not cross streets alone. 两岁以下儿童免费旅行/不应该独自穿越马路。No one～twenty-one is eligible to be admitted to membership of the club. 21岁以下者均不可被接纳为俱乐部会员。～voting age/20 years of age不到选举年龄/20岁;〖同〗below;〖反〗over;
 (5)少于，在……以下(less than the required amount or degree of)：The journey took him～two hours.旅行用了他不到两个小时。do a job in/be somewhere for～an hour干活/在某地待了不到一小时;an annual income of～30，000 年收入在三万以下;get a house～fifty thousand pounds 置房花了不到五万英镑;His salary is～￡1500. 他的工资不到1500英镑。 Wheat is～10 pounds a bushel. 一蒲式耳小麦不足10英镑。U～100 people were present. 不到100人出席。a temperature (of)～20℃ 温度在20摄氏度以下;It's～10 miles from here to the factory. 从这儿到工厂不足10英里。〖同〗below;〖反〗over;
 (6)(等级)低于(在之下)((rank)lower than)：A lieutenant is～a captain. 中尉的级别低于上尉。 The assistant manager is～the manager. 助理经理位居经理之下。an officer～the rank of colonel/captain级别低于上校/上尉的军官;He has ten men/a staff of 10 (working)～him. 有10人/10个工作人员在他手下(工作)。〖反〗above;
 (7)在……的控制(领导)之下(subject to the control， guidance， instruction or authority of)：a country～sb/a military governor/the monarchy在某人/军事统治者/君主制控制下的国家;live～a dictatorship在独裁统治下生活;～a new conductor/a doctor在新的指挥/医生管辖之下;(shop/person) be～new management/Mr Johnson/sb's authority(商店/人)在新的管理人员/约翰逊先生/某人上司的统管之下;serve～a colonel在上校手下效力;work～a young leader/a young man's leadership在年轻领导/年轻人属下工作;You are～me. 你受我的领导。〖反〗above;
 (8)根据(in accordance with)：be permitted to do sth～an agreement 根据协议准予做某事;must do sth～the rules 必须按规定做某事;～an obligation to pay/a vow of secrecy对付款承担义务/根据守密的誓言;(soldiers) act～orders(士兵)按命令行动;(witness) speak～oath (证人)按誓约发言;be～orders to leave遵命出发;bring a persecution～the Obscene Publication Act根据《淫秽出版物条例》予以制裁; sublet the property～the terms of lease根据租约条款转租房产;raise an objection～Article 5 of the Constitution根据《宪法》第五条提出反对意见;
 (9)在……重压下(in the position or state of supporting or enduring)： (car) collapse～all that luggage (汽车)装了那么多行李吃不住劲;(horse) sink (to the ground)～a fat man's weight (马)在胖人重压之下倒卧(在地); struggle～the weight of two suitcases吃力地提着两只皮箱;be ready to sink～the misery/a heavy load (fig，fml) 悲惨的遭遇/沉重的负担使人再也支持不住;behave unnaturally～the burden of knowing the truth (fig， fml)由于了解实情，心理负担很重;live/be～(the) threat of disease/being reported to the police生活在疾病/处于被告发至警方的威胁之中struggle/work～great difficulties在巨大的困难下挣扎/工作;
 (10)在……过程中，正……(in the process of)：(office/building) be～repair/construction(办公室/大楼)正在修复/建造之中;(matter/affair) be～review/consideration (某事/事务)正在回忆/考虑之中;(subject/problem) be～discussion/study (某科目/问题)正在讨论/研究之中;be～attack/treatment/intensive care受到袭击/在治疗/得到悉心照料;be～examination/guard/a misapprehension 正在接受检查/受到监视/被误解;～sail扬帆航行;
 (11) 在……(情况)下，由于(in;because of)：～present/these/appalling conditions 在目前/这种/恶劣的条件下;～the circumstances 在这种情况下;
 (12)在……影响下(subject to the influence，condition，force， etc)：be～duress/arrest/(an) anaesthetic被胁迫/逮捕/麻醉;be～pressure/a great strain 处在压力之下/极度紧张之中;be very much～the influence of sb/alcohol/ether深受某人/酒精/乙醚的影响;～the spell of sb's beauty 在某人美貌吸引之下;
 (13)在……掩盖下 (beneath the guise of)：write/go～the name of George 以乔治为笔名写作/化名为乔治;write a novel～the pseudonym of Smith 以笔名史密斯写小说;sign/open a bank account/live～a false name 用假名签名/用假名开银行账户/隐姓埋名度日;be known～a different name 以另一个名字为人所知晓; get into office～false pretences以欺诈手段谋得公职;～the disguise of an army officer伪装成军官;
 (14)在……类(目)下(within the group or designation of)： (works) be listed～“Biography”/“Biology” (作品)归在“传记”/“生物学”类目中;(book) be catalogued/be classified～“sport”/“crime”/“Fiction” and “General”(书)编入/归属在“体育类”/“犯罪类”/“小说类”/“综合类”;(rabbit) come～the heading of animals (兔子)归属于动物一类;look/see～biography在传记类查/找;
 (15)播种着……(being planted with)：(fields)be/be kept～wheat/corn/grass(土地)种着小麦/玉米/草;
 under cover of趁着……：The soldiers marched～cover of night. 战士们趁着黑夜行军。
 adv(1)在水下(covered by water)：put one's head～把头浸入水中;stay～for quite a while 在水中停留一段时间;(ship/swimmer) go～(船/游泳的人)沉入/潜入水中;
 (2)在(向)下面(in or into a place below or beneath)：Lift the rug and put your hand～. 抬起地毯把手放到下边。
 (3)小(少)于(less (in age，number，amount，etc))：children of (aged) 12 and～ 12岁及12岁以下的儿童;sell sth for 10 and～ 以10美元或不到10美元的价格出售某物;The cost will be ￡10 or～. 费用为10英镑或更少些。There are 10 or～who have signed for the journey. 有10个人或者还不到10个人登记去旅行。
 (4)受统治(in a state of being strictly controlled by using force)：refuse to be kept～by a cruel ruler拒绝受残酷的统治者统治;
 (5)无意识(知觉)地(without being conscious)：feel oneself going～感到正在失去知觉;
 adj (1)下面的，较低的(lower)[作attrib]：the～layers下层;the～parts of a machine机器下部的部件;～surface(事物)内部;深(底)层表面;
 (2)从属的(inferior)：all the～folk rushing to and fro 跑来跑去的那些随从人员;
 【辨异】under与below、beneath和underneath的区别见BELOW。