n (1) 1)试(测，考)验(means of examination，trial)[C]：a～of child's honesty/sb's love/sb's courage/the army's effectiveness 对孩子的诚实/某人的爱情/某人的勇气/军队的战斗力的考验;an endurance～ 耐力试验;a distortion/litmus～ (信号)失真/石蕊试验;atom bomb～s 原子弹试爆;a～circuit 试车道;the acid～决定性的考验;stand the～of time 经受时间的考验;2)化验，检查(examination for medical purpose)[C]：an eye/urine～ 视力检查/验尿;a pregnancy/blood ～妊娠检查/验血;a～for AIDS/cancer/tetanus/radioactivity 对艾滋病/癌症/破伤风/放射性的检查;chemical～s 药物试验;The～s show that the medicine is safe and can cure people. 试验表明这种药无副作用，可以用于治疗。put sb/sth to the～对某人/某物加以检查;〖同〗trial，check;

(2)测验，考试(查)(short examination of a person's knowledge or ability)[C]：a history/driving～ 历史/驾驶测验;an English/Intelligence～ 英语/智力测验;The teacher gives a～every Friday. 老师每周五测验一次。〖同〗examination，exam，quiz;

→′test-tube n 试管;

v (1)试(检)验，检测(examine or study by means of test or tests)[I，I+prep (for)，T+n，T+n+prep (for)，T+n+prep (on)]：～for pollution in the water/acid content检测水中的污染/酸的含量;～oil勘探石油;The gas has been～ed. 气体已经检测过了。a well～ed remedy 经试验行之有效的疗法;have one's eyesight/hearing～ed 检查视力/听力;～sb's judgment/sb's honesty/sb's patience/sb's courage/sb's powers of endurance 考验某人的判断力/诚实性/耐性/勇气/忍耐力;～sb's intelligence/sb's eyes 测试某人的智力/视力;～the brakes of one's car/the new aircraft/the product/the medicine/the nuclear weapons under the sea/a car's tyres 试验汽车刹车档/新飞机/产品/药物/水下核武器/汽车的轮胎;～the water for purity/the food for pollution 检查水的纯度/食品的污染情况;～the material for durability 试验材料的耐用性;～ing times for one's country 国家生死存亡的关头;～new drugs on animals 在动物身上试验新药;

(2)测验，考查(carry out a test to find out how much he/she knows about sth)[T+n，T+n+prep (on)]：～the students' knowledge of grammar/the Bible 测验学生们的语法知识/圣经知识;～a person 考某人;～the whole class (the students) on irregular verbs/spelling/their French 对全班同学(学生们)进行不规则动词/拼写/法语的测验;〖同〗quiz，examine;

→′test-drive v 对……进行试车;′test-tube baby 试管婴儿;′tester n 试验者;

【辨异】test 与experiment和trial的区别见EXPERIMENT。