n (1)石头(块)(piece of rock of any shape，usu not very large)[C]：a heap/pile of～s 一堆石头;a road/moorland covered with～s 用石子铺砌的路/到处是石块的荒地;pick up a～捡起一块石头;throw a～into the river/at a dog 把一块石头扔进河里/扔一块石头打狗;the Stone Age 石器时代;〖同〗rock，pebble;

(2)石块(料)，岩石(hard solid mineral material;(type of) rock)[U](常构成合成词)：a house built of grey～玄武岩建造的房屋;make tools out of～用石头制造工具;What type of～is this? 这是什么类型的岩石? have a heart of～(fig) 有着铁石心肠;a～wall/statue/step 石墙/雕像/阶;a～surface岩面;sand～沙岩;lime～石灰岩;

(3)加工成型的石块(piece of stone shaped for a special purpose)[C](常构成复合词)：paving～s 铺路石;tomb/grave～s 墓碑;mill～s 石磨; grind-～s 磨石; stepping-～s 踏脚石;

(4)宝石(jewel)[C](=precious stone)：a sapphire ring with four small～s 镶有四颗小宝石的蓝宝石戒指;diamonds，rubies and other types of～s 钻石、红宝石和其他种类的宝石;a three-carat～in one's ring 某人戒指上镶着的三克拉重的宝石;The queen's diamonds are very fine～s.皇后的钻石是非常精美的。〖同〗jewel，birthstone;

(5)果核(hard shell containing the nut or seed in some fruits)[C](常构成合成词)：a damson/cherry～西洋李子/樱桃的核;spit out a～吐核;There are～s inside dates and plums. 枣和李子中均有核。The～s are removed from these canned cherries. 罐装樱桃是去核的。〖同〗pit，seed，nut;

(6)结石(small hard material formed in an organ of the body and causing pain)[C]：have a～removed from one's kidney 从肾中取出一块结石;remove kidney～s 取出肾结石;Sometimes people get～s in their bladder. 有时人们的膀胱中会产生结石。

(7)英石( of weight;14 pounds)[C](缩写st)(BrE)： She weighs 8～. 她体重八英石。He lost two～when he was ill. 他生病时体重减轻两英石。two～(s) of potatoes 两英石土豆; a 21-～man 一个体重21英石的男人;

a stone's throw 一箭之地：It's only a～'s throw from here to my house. 从这里到我家只有一小段路。

→͵stone-′cold adj 凉透的;͵stone-′dead adj 完全死的;͵stone-′deaf adj 完全聋了的;′stone-fruit n 核果;′stonemason n 石匠;′stoneware n 粗陶器;′stonework n(建筑的)石造部分;

vt (1)向……投石块(throw stones at sb，esp as a punishment formerly)[T+n]：～the cat/the dog to death 用石块把猫/狗砸死;～sb's car 向某人的汽车投掷石块;The criminal was～d to death. 罪犯被乱石击毙。

(2)去掉……的果核(remove the seeds or stones from (fruit))[T+n]：～dates/fruit 去除大枣/水果的核;wash and～the cherry 把樱桃洗净去核;

stone the crows 啊，哎呀，喔唷(BrE sl)：S～the crows，it's freezingly cold in here! 哎呀! 这里冷得把人快冻僵了。

→stoned adj 酩酊大醉的;吸毒后身不由己的