艰（艱）jiān

Ⅰ  ❶ （困难） difficult;hard: 举步维 ～ have difficulty in taking a step
❷ [书] （困苦） hard;trying;(live) in privation: 长太息以掩涕兮，哀民生之多 ～。 I sigh and wipe away my tears,oh! I'm grieved at a life full of woes.
❸ [书] （险恶） sinister;vicious;malicious;treacherous: 彼何人斯？ 其心孔 ～。 Who's the man coming here? So deep and full of hate?
❹ [书] （愚） foolish;stupid
❺ [书] （慎重） cautious;careful;prudent Ⅱ [书] ❶ （灾难） suffering;calamity;disaster
❷ （指亲丧） mourning for one's parents
◆艰苦奋斗 work hard and perseveringly;struggle hard amid difficulties;work diligently in defiance [in spite] of difficulties;wage an arduous struggle;persistent hard work;hard struggle；
艰苦朴素 be plain in one's style of living;live in a plain and hardworking way;hardworking and plain-living；
艰苦卓绝 extremely hard and bitter ...;being distressed and lofty；
艰难 difficult;hard;arduous；
艰难曲折 arduous and tortuous;full of difficulties and reverses；
艰难时世 hard times；
艰难险阻 hardships and dangers;all difficulties and hazards;difficulties and obstacles;difficulty and hardship；
艰涩 involved and abstruse;intricate and obscure；
艰深 difficult to understand;abstruse；
艰深晦涩 hard [difficult] to understand;abstract and obscure；
艰险 hardships and dangers;perilous；
艰辛 hardships；
艰贞不贰 maintain rectitude,serving not two rulers

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