n (1)状态(况)，情况(形)(condition of a person or thing with respect to circumstances，mind，health，qualities;condition with respect to structure，form or phase etc)[C]：a～of disrepair/war/emergency 失修/战争/紧急状态;be in a～of despair/shock 处于绝境/震惊状态;be in a～of undress/nature 赤身裸体/赤身裸体;inquire about sb's～of health 询问某人的健康状况;the～of the roads 路的状况;a confused～of mind 混乱的心情;the financial～of sb's business 某人经商的财务状况;be in a terrible/untidy～处于糟糕/混乱的状态;not in a fit～to drive 不合适开车;a liquid/gaseous/solid～液/气/固态;〖同〗condition，position，status，circumstances，situation;

(2)国家，国土(body of people living under a single independent government;a nation;the territory of such a government)[C](可cap)：a modern～ 一个现代化的国家;the～of Israel 以色列国;the responsibility of the～国家的责任;one of the member～s of the EU 欧洲联盟成员国之一;self-governing～s 自治国家;pay taxes to the～向国家缴税;〖同〗nation，country，kingdom，realm;

(3)政府(government of a country)[U](尤cap)：the relationship between Church and State 教会与政府间的关系;affairs/matters of～国家事务;Secretary of State 国务卿;The～should provide schools，homes and hospitals for everyone. 政府应该给所有人提供学校、住宅和医疗。

(4)州，邦(one of the political and geographic subdivisions of a country such as the United States of America which was organised as a federation)[C](可cap)：the～elections in California 加州的州选举;The US is made up of 50～s.美国包括50个州。The law varies from～to～in the United States. 在美国各州的法律不同。

(5)隆重礼仪，盛况(dignified ceremonious way connected with high levels of government)[U]：be received in～受到隆重仪式的接待;(Queen) drive to the palace in～(女王)在隆重的仪式中驶抵王宫;live in great～过着豪华的生活;〖同〗ceremony，formality;

(6)美国(the United States of America)[pl，the S～s](infml)：fly to the S～s to study飞往美国学习;

in/into a state (infml)1)凌乱，不整洁：His clothes were in a～. 他衣冠不整。2)心情激动或焦虑：He got himself onto a～about the exams. 他对考试感到非常紧张。

lie in state(遗体安葬前)供人瞻仰(吊唁)：When the President died，thousands of people saw his body lying in～. 总统去世后，成千上万人前往吊唁。

→′statecraft n 治国才能;风度;′statehood n 国家(州，邦)的地位;′stateless adj 无国籍的，无公民权的;′statelessness n 无国籍(公民)身份;′stately adj 威严的，庄重的，壮观的;′stateside adj & adv 美国的，位于或朝向美国的(地);′statewide adj 全国范围的，遍及全州的;

【辨异】1)state与 condition、 situation和status的区别见CONDITION。2)state与 country和nation的区别见COUNTRY。

adj(1)国家(政府)的，有关政府的(of，for or concerned with the government or state)[作attrib](可cap)：～schools 国立学校;～relations/documents/secrets 国家关系/文件/机密;the S～Council/Department 国务院;

(2)正式的，礼仪(节)的(of a ceremonial nature or for ceremonial purpose)[作attrib](可cap)：a～visit 正式(国事)访问;the S～Guest House 国宾馆;attend two formal～functions 参加两个正式典礼;the～opening of Parliament 议会的隆重开幕式;〖同〗official，government，ceremonial