| 单词 | if |
| 释义 | if /if; if/ conj 1 on the condition that; supposing that: 堡使; 如果： a (Present or Present Perfect Tense in the 沪 clause, indicating that sth is possible, probable, or likely): (if子句中用现在式或现在完成式，表示某事之可能发生)： If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你向他请求，他会帮助你。 If (it is) necessary, I can come at six. 必要时我可以六点钟来。 If you have finished with that book, take it back to the library. 假使你已看完那本书，便将它还回图书馆。(b) (with should in the 牙 clause, to indicate that an event is unlikely or improbable): (if子句中用 should 表示不大可能发生之事)： If anyone should call, please let me know. 万一有入来访，请通知我。 If it should be necessary, I could come at six. 若有必要我可以六点钟来。 c (with will in an -(f-clause, not to show future time, but as part of the polite formula, Will you, please'): (if子句中如用 will, 并非指将来，而是客套语 Will you, please 的一部份)： If you will wait a moment (= Please wait a moment and) I'll go and tell the manager that you are here. 请等一下，我去吿诉经理你已经来 To d (Past Tense in the //-clause, indicating a condition that cannot be, or is unlikely to be realized, or is one put forward for consideration): (if子句中用过去式，表示不可能实现，火概不会实现，或提出作为考虑的假定条件)： If you were a bird, you could fly. 假使你是只鸟，你便会飞了。 If / asked him/If I were to ask him for a loan, would he agree? 如果我向他借钱，他会答应吗？ If you would lend me £5 until Monday, I should be grateful. 如果你愿意借给我五镑，到下星期一偿还，我将感谢你。 e (Past Perfect Tense in the (f-clause, indicating that the condition was not fulfilled, eg because it was an impossible one, or through sb's failure to act): (if子句中用过去完成式，表示过去未实现的条件，例如由于不可能实现或某人之未能实行)： If they'd started earlier, they would have arrived in time. 要是他们早些动身，他们便可及时到达了。 If they had not started when they did, they wouldn't be here now. 如果他们那时不动身，现在他们就不会在此地了。 (After some vv, eg think, remember, ask, the main clause depending upon the condition is usu omitted): (在某些动词，例血 think, remember, ask 之后，依条件而生的主要子句通常省略)： If you think about it, (you realize that) there were many bright boys in that class. 如果你想一想，(你就知道) 那一班级中有许多聪明男孩。 If you ask me, (I will tell you) he's a fool. 如果你问我，(我会吿诉你)他是个笨蛋。 2 (In literary style if may be omitted, and an inversion of subject and aux v, esp were/ had/should, used instead): (在文学体安中，if 有时可省略，然后将主词与所用的助动词, 尤其是 were, had, should 倒置)： Should it (→ If it should) be necessary... ，, 倘若必定要…; Were I (= If I were) in your place.. . / in 果我处于标的地位…; Had / (= If I had) known earlier.... 如果我早一些知道…。 3(When if is used meaning, when or 'whenever, so that there is no condition, tenses in the main clause and the //-clause may be the same): (if做当…时' 或'无论何时'解而不含条件之义时，if 子句中的时态可与主句中者相同)： If you mix yellow and blue you get green. 你将黄色与蓝色混合，便会得到绿色。 If she wants the steward she rings the bell. 每当她需要仆人时，她便按铃。 4 (even) if, granting or admitting that: 就教： If I'm mistaken, you're mistaken, too. 就算我错了，你也错了。 Even if he did say that, I'm sure he didn't intend to hurt your feelings. 就算他真的那样说，我相信他并无意伤你的感情。 5 (even) if. although: 即使; 纵然： I'll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon. 即使花费我一下牟的时间，我还是要做这事。 6 (colloq) (if replacing whether, to introduce an interrogative clause): (俗) (if 可代替 whether, 引导一疑问子句)： Do you know if Mr Smith is at home? 你知读史密斯亮生是否在家吗？ She asked if that was enough. 仙问那是否够亍。 (Note: if should not replace whether in cases where there may be ambiguity: 注意：如果意义含糊时，if 不可代替 whether: cf参较 Let me know whether you are coming, (information wanted in either case). 吿诉我你是否要来(不管来与不来均须回覆)。 Let me know if (= only if) you are coming, (information wanted only in the one case). 如果你要来，就请通知我(决定要来时始回覆)。) 7 as if, as it would be if (it isn't as if... suggests that the contrary of what follows is true): 仿佛; 好像 (It isn't as if... 表示与其下列所述相反者为事实)： It isn't as if we were rich, ie We are not rich. 我们不像富有的样子(即我们不富有)。 It isn't as if he doesn't know the rules, ie He does know the rules. 他不像不懂得规则的样子(即他懂得规则)。 (As if often introduces an exclamation): (As if 常弓 I 卢一感叹句)： As if / would allow it! ie I would certainly not allow it! 好像我会答应似的！(即我才不答应哩！) as (11). 8 if only, (often introduces a wish, or indicates an unfulfilled condition, esp in exclamations): (常表示愿望或未实现的条件，尤用于感叹句)： If only he arrives in time! 他若能及时到达就好了！ If only she would marry me! 但愿她能嫁给我！ If only she had known about it (but she did not know)! 她那时要是知道(但她不知道)这事就好了！ If only you could/If you could only have seen it. 我真希望你当时能看到它！ 9 (if, followed by a v in the neg, is used in exclamations to indicate dismay, surprise, etc): (if后接否定动词, 用于感叹句中，表示沮丧、惊奇等)： Well, if L haven't left my umbrella in the train! 真倒毒，我把雨伞丢在火车上了 ! And if he didn't try to knock me down! What do you think he did? He tried to .knock me down! 你猜他想做什么？他竟然想把我击倒！ |
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