adj (1)酸的，有酸味的(having a taste or smell similar in nature to that of lemon juice or vinegar)：～pickles/gooseberries/cream 酸泡菜/酸醋栗/酸奶油;Unripe apples，oranges，etc taste～. 不熟的苹果、橘子等味酸。〖同〗sharp，keen;〖反〗sweet，mild;

(2)酸败(臭)的，馊的(having a similar taste as a stage in going bad)：a～smell 馊味;Did the milk turn/go～? 牛奶变酸了吗? The baby's clothes have some～odour. 这婴儿的衣服有股酸臭味。〖同〗spoiled，bad，offensive;nasty;〖反〗fresh，sweet，pleasant，agreeable;

(3)别扭的，乖戾的，坏脾气的((of a person，his character，etc) discontented，bad-tempered or disagreeable)：a～man 一个别别扭扭的人;a～face/expression 阴沉的脸/表情;〖同〗disagreeable，nasty，bad-tempered，ill-tempered;〖反〗sweet，pleasant，gracious，good-natured;

sour grapes 酸葡萄(喻指由于得不到而被贬低的东西或人)：His snide remarks about the winners are nothing but～grapes. 他对获胜者的尖刻评论只不过是故意说葡萄酸而已。

→′sourdough n 酵头，面肥;(加拿大北部或阿拉斯加)探寻金矿(或垦荒)的老手;′sourpuss n 脾气乖戾的人;′sour-sweet adj 酸甜的;

v(使)变酸(坏);(使)变得乖戾 ((cause to) become sour)[I，T+n]：Milk～s quickly in hot weather. 牛奶在热天会很快腐败。 Her temper/personality has～ed.(fig)她的脾气/品性变坏了。 Too much heat～ed the milk/the wine. 高温使牛奶/葡萄酒变坏了。A lonely childhood～ed the boy.(fig) 孤独的童年使那小伙子变得乖戾。〖同〗spoil，turn，ill-dispose;

sour on (v prep)使某人对 …… 反感 (vt)：An unhappy romance～ed her on men. 不幸的恋爱使她对男人产生反感。

→′sourly adv 乖戾的;′sourness n 酸味