v (1)(使)震(抖，摇)动((cause sb/sth to)move to and fro，back and forth，or up and down with short，jerky movements)[L+adj，I，T+n，T+n+adv (about/around)，C+n+adj]：a bolt～ing loose in an engine 发动机上震松的螺栓;The house/earth～s when trains go by. 火车经过时，房子/大地震动起来。(trees) be～ing in the wind.(树)随风摇动;～the bottle before taking the medicine 服药前要把药瓶摇一摇;The earthquake/strong wind/heavy steps～the house. 地震/大风/沉重的脚步使房子震动起来。～some pears down from the tree 从树上摇下来一些梨;The wet dog shook himself. 浑身湿透的狗抖掉身上的水。(bumpy car ride)～sb around a bit(颠簸的乘车旅行)颠得某人有点摇摇晃晃;(vibrations)～the panel loose(震动)震松了仪表盘;〖同〗vibrate，quake;
 (2)(指人或人的声音)发抖((of a person or sb's voice) tremble)[I，I+prep (with)]：He is～ing with cold/emotion/anger/fear/laughter. 他冷/激动/生气/害怕/笑得发抖。His voice shook (with emotion) as he told me the bad news. 他把坏消息告诉我时(由于激动)声音在发抖。〖同〗tremble，shiver;
 (3) 1)使心绪不宁，使震惊(烦恼)(disturb sb's mind;make sb feel worried;trouble or shock sb)[T+n，T+n+adv (up)]：The mining disaster shook the town. 矿上的灾难使全城震惊。be badly shaken (up) by the bad news/the accident 为坏消息/事故而震惊;〖同〗 disturb，distress，frighten; 2)动摇，减弱(make less certain;weaken)[T+n]：～sb's courage/sb's belief/sb's determination 削弱某人的勇气/动摇某人的信念/动摇某人的决心;His lying shook my faith in him. 他的谎话动摇了我对他的信任。The currency crisis shook the economy. 货币危机动摇了经济。(theory) be shaken by the new evidence(理论)被新证据所动摇;〖同〗weaken;
 (4)握手(take and hold sb's right hand in one's own for a moment，sometimes moving it up and down，as a sign of greeting，goodbye，agreement，etc)[T+n，I，I+prep (on)]：～each other by the hand(～hands with each other)握手;We're agreed，so let's～(on it).(infml) 咱们意见一致，来握握手吧。
 shake the dust (of sth) off one's feet (shoes)离开令人不愉快的地方：If he wants me to work in his London office，he won't need to ask twice. I shall be glad to～the dust of this small town off my feet. 如果他想让我到他在伦敦的办公室去工作，他不必再说第二次，离开这个小镇我正求之不得呢。
 shake one's fist (at sb)(向某人)挥拳表示愤怒或威胁：He shook his fist at me and told me not to say that again. 他向我挥舞拳头，告诉我不许再那么说。
 shake one's head 摇头(表示不同意、悲伤或怀疑)：She shook her head at the idea. 对这个主意她摇摇头。
 shake in one's shoes/boots 怕得发抖(infml)：He was～ing in his shoes as the large dog moved towards him. 那条大狗向他靠近，他吓得直发抖。
 shake a leg(尤用于imper)快点，赶紧：Come on，～a leg! We'll never finish if you don't hurry up. 喂! 快点，你要是不抓紧，我们永远也干不完。
 shake like a leaf 因害怕(紧张)而颤抖：The teacher asked to see his work. The young boy stood up，～ing like a leaf. 老师要检查那男孩的作业，他抖得筛糠似地站了起来。
 shake down (v adv) 1)适应新环境(vi)：The new teaching staff is～ing down well. 新来的教师们正在很好地适应新的工作和环境。 2)睡在临时的地方 (vi)： ～down on the floor 临时睡在地板上; 3)敲诈，勒索 (vt)(AmE，infml)：～down every small shopkeeper in the street for at least $100 敲诈这条街上的每一个小店主，让他们每人至少交出100美元; 4)彻底搜查(vt)(AmE，infml)： The police had to～down every building in the street before they found the gunman. 警察彻底搜查了街上的每一幢建筑才发现了枪手。
 shake sth from/into/onto/out of，etc sth 把……抖出(进，到……上面)：Wait a minute，I want to～the water from/out of my boots. 等一等，我要把水从我的靴子里抖出来。～scouring powder into the bath 把去污粉抖到浴缸里;
 shake off (v adv)摆脱(vt)：～off a cold/a fit of depression/one's pursuers治好感冒/摆脱压抑情绪/摆脱追求者;
 shake sth off sth 从……抖掉(落)：stamp one's feet to～the snow off his boots 跺脚弄掉靴子上的雪;
 shake out (v adv)抖(打)开(vt)：～out a tablecloth/a sheet/a sail 抖开桌布/床单/帆;
 shake up (v adv) 1)摇匀，使混合(vt)：～up the cocktail/the salad-dressing 摇匀鸡尾酒/沙拉汁; 2)使振作(vt)：～up lazy boys 使懒惰的男孩子们振作起来;
 →′shaker n 摇动器，混合器;′shaking n 摇动，震动;′shakedown n 临时床铺;敲诈，勒索;彻底的搜查;(对飞机，船等的)最后测试;′shake-up，′shake-out n 大改组，大规模改革;
 n(1)摇(震，抖)动(act of moving from side to side or up and down)[C，通常sing]：He answered “no” with a～of the head. 他摇了一下头说 “不”。give sb/sth a～摇一摇某人/某物;The～of the speaker's hands betrayed his nervousness. 演讲者手的抖动暴露出他的紧张。
 (2)哆嗦，战栗(fit of trembling or shivering)[C，the～s][接sing动词](infml)：a fit of the～s 一阵颤抖;begin to get the～s just thinking about the test 一想到考试就开始打哆嗦;〖同〗trembling，shivering;
 in a couple of shakes/in two shakes 马上，立刻(infml)：I'll be ready in two～s. 我马上就准备好。
 →′shaky adj 发抖的;摇摇晃晃的，不稳定的;′shakily adv发抖地;摇摇晃晃地，不稳定地;′shakiness n 发抖;摇摇晃晃，不稳定;
 【辨异】shake和tremble都表示人或物的抖动或摇动。shake(颤抖)指快速的、突然的、通常是不均匀的摇动，造成人或物失去稳定和平衡，如：His hand was shaking so violently that he almost spilt his tea.(他的手颤动得这样厉害，差点把茶水都弄洒了。)tremble(发抖，战栗)通常指人由于恐惧、寒冷、虚弱或激动造成的不由自主的颤抖，如：He trembled with fear when he saw the policeman.(他看见警察时吓得直打哆嗦。)