vt (1)说，讲(speak，pronounce，utter)[T+n，T+n+prep，T+that，D+n+prep (to)，D+to+n+ that，D+to+n+wh]：What was he～ing? 他刚才在说什么? the less/least said the better 少说为佳;least said soonest mended 少说为佳，言多必失;～to come at once/finish the work before 5 说马上就来/5点以前完成工作;She is said to be very beautiful. 据说她很漂亮。“Come in，please!” she said/said she. “请进。”她说。～something/a few words/nothing about sth 就某事说了一些话/说了几句话/什么也没说;have plenty/something/nothing to～(for oneself/on that subject)(为自己/就那个题目)有许多话/有些话/无话可说(辩解);～sth against/a good word for sb 说某人的坏话/为某人说好话;it～s a lot/very little for sb (sth) 关于某人(某事)有值得/不值得称道的品质;It is said/They said (that) she is very beautiful. 据说/人们说她非常漂亮。He said he couldn't wait any longer/his friend was waiting for him. 他说他再也不能等了/他的朋友在等他。～no/yes/good-bye/thank you (to sb)(对某人)说不(拒绝)/是/再见/谢谢;～to oneself/sb “He is right” 暗自想/对某人说“他是对的”;Did he～(to you) where he was going/whether he was coming back/how he was to deal with the problem? 他(对你)说了他去什么地方/他是否回来/他打算怎样处理那个问题吗?〖同〗speak，tell，utter;
 (2)认为，断定，承认(state as an opinion or judgment;admit that sth is true)[T+n，T+that，T+wh]：One thing I have to～about him：he is not lying. 说到他，有一件事我必须承认：他没撒谎。I must～that she is stupid. 我想她很蠢。It's hard to～what is wrong. 很难说什么是错的。I can't～when he will be back/whether this is true or not. 我说不准他什么时候回来/这是否是真的。There is no～ing what will happen next. 没人知道接下来会发生什么事。What do you/Would you～to (seeing) a film this evening? 今晚我们看场电影，你看如何? Let's go fishing，what do you～? 我们去钓鱼，你看如何?
 (3)念，背诵(recite;repeat;speak a word or words)[T+n]：～grace/prayers/a poem/lesson 做感恩祷告/祷告/背诵诗/背课文;How do you～“clothes”? “clothes”怎么念? 〖同〗read，repeat;
 (4)表达(示)(convey (thoughts，feelings，etc)clear to sb by means of artistic expression)[T+n，T+n+prep (to)]：Does the picture/the symphony/the poem～much to you? 依你看这幅画/这部交响曲/这首诗寓意深刻吗? The artist tries to～something personal in his work. 这位艺术家想在他的作品中表达一些个人感情。〖同〗express;
 (5)说(表)明，写道(express sth in written words or by signs)[无pass：T+n，T+that，T+wh，T+to-inf]：Her face/eyes said everything. 她的面部表情/眼神说明了一切。What does your watch/the figure～? 你的表几点了?/这个数字说明了什么? My watch～s ten o'clock. 我的表10点了。What did her passport/the handbills/the newspapers/the telegram/the sign～? 她的护照/那些传单/那些报纸/那份电报/那牌子上写的什么? His silence said that he was unhappy. 他的沉默表明他不高兴。It is said in the book (The book～s) that the treaty was signed in 1945. 书上写着(书上写着)那个条约是1945年签定的。Her letter didn't～when she would be back. 她的信上没写什么时候回来。 The map～s to turn right. 地图上表示应向右拐。〖同〗express，imply，suggest;
 (6)假定，譬如说(suppose;assume)[无pass：T+n，T+that](多用在插入语中)：Can you come for dinner? S～，tomorrow? 你能来吃饭吗?譬如说，明天? Let's take a trip，～，along the coast. 我们去旅行吧，譬如，去沿海一带。Let's (Just)～she quits/he is lying. 假定(譬如)说她辞职/他在撒谎。S～X equals the unknown quantity. 设X为未知数。〖同〗guess，suppose，assume;
 go without saying 不用说，当(显)然：It goes without～ing that you can't smoke while you are in hospital. 不用说，住院期间你不能吸烟。
 (I) say 喂(用来引人注意)，哎呀(表示惊讶)(旧用法)：S～，is this your handbag，Mary? 喂，玛丽，这是你的包吗? I～，what a beautiful girl! 哎呀，多漂亮的姑娘!
 I'll say 我确实认为，肯定的(infml)：I'll～this is a good book. 我确实认为这是本好书。
 I wouldn't say no (to sth)我不反对，可以(来一些)(infml)：I wouldn't～no to caviar. 我想吃点鱼子酱。
 never say die 别灰心：Never～die;you'll catch up with your classmates. 别灰心，你会赶上你的同学们的。
 not be saying much 不值一提：He earns more than me，but as I earn ￡400 a month，that's not～ing much. 他挣得比我多，而我每月只挣400镑，所以不值一提。
 not to say 虽不能说：It is rather warm，not to～hot.天虽不说炎热，但也够热的。
 say no more 已经明白了，别再说了：S～no more! When shall we go? 别再说了，我们什么时候走?
 say one's piece 说出想说的话：Every one got up and said his piece about how good the mayor was and then sat down. 每个人都站起来由衷地说市长如何好，然后坐下。
 say the word 提要求，说一声：Just～the word，and I'll do anything you want. 只要你说一声，你想让我做什么我都会做的。
 says you 胡说，我不信(sl)：“I'm the strong-est boy on the block.” “S～s you.” “我是这一带最棒的。”“我不信。”
 that is to say 就是说：We'll leave for New York next Monday，that is to～，on July 27. 我们将于下周一，即7月27日动身去纽约。
 to say nothing of 更别说，还不说：The house is full every Saturday with friends and strangers to～nothing of the numerous members of our family. 每周六这房子里都挤满了朋友和陌生人，还不说我们家里的许多成员。
 to say the least 至少可以这样说：What he said just now is tactless，to～the least. 至少可以说，他刚才说的话是不得体的。
 what/whatever sb says goes ……说的被照办(infml)：The teacher wants her pupils to finish their homework before the class is over，and what she～s goes. 这位老师让学生们放学前做完作业，大家都按照她的话做了。
 You can say that again! 完全对：“He is a very sane person.” “You can～that again!” “他是个很有头脑的人。” “完全正确。”
 You don't say (so)! 是吗? 真的吗!(表示惊异)(infml)：“Bill and Jennie are going to get married.” “You don't～!” “比尔和珍妮要结婚了。”“真的吗!”
 You said it. 确实如此，赞成(infml)：“He looks crazy.” “You said it.” “他似乎疯了。”“确实如此。”
 n 意见，要说的话，决定权(right，or opportunity to state one's opinion)[U，a/the～][N (in)]：have the final/a real/some～in the matter 对此事有最后/真正的/一些决定权;not give/allow sb much～in his decision 不让/允许某人有权作出决定;We want our own～as to whether we go or not. 在去留的问题上，我们要自己决定。
 have one's say 发表意见，把话说完：Let him have his～on the matter. Don't interrupt him. 让他把对那件事的看法说完。别打断他。
 say one's say 说完要说的话：He said his～and then sat down. 他说完要说的话就坐下了。
 【辨异】say与tell、speak和talk都表示“说，讲，告诉”。say与tell都是及物动词。say的直接宾语(或直接引语)是所说的话，如：Did you say anything?(你说什么了吗?)“Come in，” he said.(“请进。”他说)。而tell的直接宾语通常是所提供的情况，间接宾语是接受情况的人，如：Did you tell him anything?(你对他讲了些什么?)speak与talk既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，表示“讲，说，谈”。speak 较为正式，而且常指一个人对一群人的讲话，如：He is going to speak at the meeting.(他要在会上讲话。) 而talk则表示两个人之间的谈话，如：May I talk with you for a moment?(我能和您谈一会儿吗?)They talked about music for a whole day.(他们谈了一整天的音乐。)