n (1)(速度)竞赛，赛跑(contest of speed，as in running)[C][N(with/against/between)]：come first/second in the (100-yard/100-metre)～在(100码/100米)赛跑中得第一/二; have a horse-/boat-/yacht-/bicycle-/motorcycle-/cross-country /foot- /Marathon～with sb 与某人进行赛马/赛船/快艇比赛/自行车赛/摩托车赛/越野赛/竞走/马拉松赛;run/lose/win a～参加/输掉/赢得一场比赛;swim a 1000-metre～参加一场1000米游泳比赛;fix up a～between two schools 安排两校间的赛跑;the～s 赛马，运动会;He was celebrating the huge win at the～s. 他在庆祝运动会上取得的巨大胜利。〖同〗contest，competition;

(2)竞争(赛，选)(activity done in a competition with sb else)[C]：the armament (arms)～军备竞赛;the～for the president/White House 总统竞选/入主白宫的竞选;withdraw from the US Senate～退出美国参议员竞选;run in an electoral～参加竞选;enter the mayoral～参加市长竞选;〖同〗campaign，contest;

(3)(水的)激流(strong rapid current of water)[C]：a tidal～潮汐流;a mill-～水磨房的进水槽;

(4)人生的历程(span or course of time or life)[C](lit)：He has run his～. 他走完了他的生命旅程。the～of life 人生历程;

a race against time 和时间赛跑(努力按时完成)：It was a～against time to get the roof repaired before the rains come. 要在雨季到来之前把房顶修好时间很紧迫。

→′racecard n 赛马项目单;′racecourse(BrE) n 赛马场(跑道);′racegoer n 经常观看赛马的人;′racehorse n 赛马用的马;′race-meeting (BrE) n 赛马大会;′race-track n 赛车道;(AmE)赛马场;

v (1)进行速度竞赛，赛跑(马，车等)(engage in a contest of speed with another)[I，I+prep(against/with)，I+to-inf，T+n，T+n+prep]：The horse/dog/pigeon hasn't～d in months. 这马/狗/鸽子已经几个月没有参加比赛了。～against (with) other runners/one another 与其他选手赛跑/相互赛跑;～for the prize (to win the prize)为夺奖而赛跑;These horses are～ing to see which of them is the fastest. 这些马正在比赛，以赛出跑得最快的马。～vintage car/pigeons/horses 进行老式汽车赛/鸽子赛/赛马;～sb home/to the bus-stop/to the school 与某人比赛看谁先到家/汽车站/学校;He～ed his bicycle against a bus. 他骑车和公共汽车赛跑。〖同〗run，compete;〖反〗crawl，creep;

(2)(使)快速移动((cause to) go very fast)[I，I+prep，I+adv，I+to-inf，T+n，T+n+prep]：Let's～from here to the station. 让我们从这儿一直跑到车站。～to the office/across the road on one's bike飞速骑车到办公室/穿过马路;～about the square/after the others 在广场上跑来跑去/跑着追其他人;～away/in飞快地跑掉了/跑进来;Summer is/The holidays are～ing by (past).(fig)夏天/假期很快要过去了。He overslept and had to～to catch the train. 他睡过头了，只好飞奔着去赶火车。～the sick boy to hospital/the manuscript to the printers迅速把那个有病的男孩送到医院/把底稿送到印刷工人那儿;〖同〗 rush，fly，dash;

(3)进行(参加)比赛(engage in a race)[I，T+n]：They all～d at this athletics meeting. 他们都参加了这次田径运动会的比赛。～vehicles/dogs 进行汽车/狗的比赛;

(4)(使)高速运转((cause to) operate or run at high speed)[I，T+n]：The pilot waited to take off，the engines(of the plane)～ing. 飞行员在等待起飞，发动机高速运转着。～the engine 使发动机空转;〖同〗operate;

→′racer n 参赛者(马、狗等);′racing n 赛马或赛车的嗜好(运动或职业);

【辨异】race¹与jog、run、trot和gallop的区别见GALLOP。