(1)失去，丧失(no longer have because of death，accident，bad weather，etc;fail to keep or maintain)[T+n]：～one's job/one's life 失业/丧生;～a leg in an accident 在事故中失去一条腿;～one's hair/one's teeth/one's good looks 脱发/掉牙/失去美貌;She lost her father last year/during the war. 她的父亲去年去世了/在战争中她失去了父亲。～one's confidence/one's composure/one's balance/one's patience失去信心/镇静/平衡/耐心;～one's temper/one's voice发脾气/失语(嗓子哑了);～weight 减轻体重;～interest in sb/sth 对某人/某物失去兴趣;～one's eyesight/memory/health丧失视力/记忆/健康;～one's mind发疯;～control of oneself 控制不住自己;～colour 退色，脸色变得苍白;～one's footing 没站稳摔倒了;They also lost about 230 square miles of territory. 他们还失去了大约230平方英里的领土。
 (2)使毁灭(bring to destruction)[T+n，通常pass]：That ship was lost in the storm. 那条船在暴风雨中沉没了。Both planes were lost in the crash. 两架飞机都被撞毁了。
 (3)丢失，找不到(become unable to find)[T+n]：～one's keys/one's purse/one's watch丢了钥匙/钱包/手表;～one's way/one's bearing 迷了路/迷失了方向;His bicycle was/got lost outside the school. 他的自行车在校门外丢了。A few books have been lost from the library. 图书馆丢失了几本书。〖反〗 find;
 (4)没赶上，错过(fail to catch or use)[T+n]：～one's train 没赶上火车;～a good chance 错过一个好机会;〖同〗miss;
 (5)看(听)不见，不懂，忘记(fail to see，hear or understand;fail to keep in sight or memory)[T+n]：They lost each other in the crowds. 他们俩在人群中走散了。What he said was lost in the applause. 他的话被热烈的掌声淹没了。I lost not a word of his speech. 他的讲话我全都听清楚了。I've just lost his name. 我一下忘了他的名字。
 (6)输掉，未能获胜(fail to gain or win)[I，I+prep(to)，T+n，T+n+prep(to)]：They lost by 10 points. 他们输了10分。Our team lost to them by three points. 我队以三分之差输给了他们。～a match/a game/a battle/the war 输掉一场比赛/比赛/战斗/战争;～a prize/a motion没有得奖/动议没有通过;～a case/a lawsuit 输掉一场官司;～an argument/a debate 在辩论中失败;We lost the match to them. 在那场比赛中我们输给了他们。His errors lost him the match. 他的失误使他输了那场比赛。〖反〗win;
 (7)损失，受损，失去(cause to no longer have or not to get)[I，I+prep(on)，T+n，T+n+prep(by)，D+n+n]：The shipping line lost considerably. 这家航运公司受到相当大的损失。How much did he～on the transaction? 这笔交易使他受到多少亏损?We lost $3000 when we sold the house. 在出售那所房子时我们损失了3000美元。He lost $100 by betting on a horse race. 他赌赛马损失了100美元。The young man's arrogance lost him his friends/carelessness lost him the job. 那个年轻人因傲慢而失去了朋友/因粗心大意而失去了工作。A bad cold lost me some time. 一次重感冒耽误了我一些时间。〖反〗gain;
 (8)浪费(spend uselessly;waste)[T+n]：～time doing sth 浪费时间做某事;～one's labour 浪费力气;There is not a moment to～. 刻不容缓。Lost time is never found again. 时间一去不复返。
 (9)(钟表)走得慢((of a clock or a watch) go too slowly by a certain number of minutes)[I，T+n]：This watch never～s/～s one minute a day. 这只表从来不慢/每天慢一分钟。〖反〗gain;
 be lost 不知如何是好：He's lost without glasses.不戴眼镜他就不知如何是好。
 be lost in 1)消失：be lost in darkness 消失在黑暗中; 2)陷入(沉思等)，被吸引：be lost in thought 陷入沉思;be lost in astonishment/admiration/wonder 不胜惊讶/羡慕/惊异;3)迷路：We were lost in the forest. 我们在森林里迷路了。
 be lost to 失去，没有：be lost to shame/all sense of humour 恬不知耻/一点儿幽默感也没有;
 be lost on (upon) 不起作用，没被注意：The advice was lost on them. 劝告对他们不起作用。The joke was lost upon the audience. 那个笑话对听众没有产生效果。
 lose face 丢脸(面子)：He tried to conceal his mistake so as not to～face. 他极力要掩饰自己的错误以便不丢面子。
 lose ground 后撤，失利，情况恶化：Soldiers/The patient began to～ground. 士兵们开始后撤/病人情况开始恶化。
 lose heart 灰心，丧气：Don't～heart，whatever happens. 无论发生什么事都不要灰心丧气。
 lose no time (in)立即：We shall～no time in beginning work. 我们将立即开始工作。
 lose one's grip 不能控制局面，失去力量、能力：His mind has lost its grip. 他的脑子不太灵了。
 lose one's head 惊慌失措，失去控制：When the fire broke out，people lost their heads and ran in all directions. 火灾发生时，人们惊慌失措，四处乱跑。
 lose one's heart to 爱上，喜欢上：She lost her heart to the soldier. 她爱上了那个士兵。
 lose one's tongue 紧张得说不出话来：He would always～his tongue when he was introduced to strangers. 每当介绍他认识陌生人时，他都紧张得说不出话来。
 lose oneself 迷失方向：We lost ourselves in the woods. 我们在树林里迷了路。
 lose oneself in 1)聚精会神于，陷入：She lost herself in a book. 她聚精会神地看书。2)消失：The pickpocket lost himself in the crowd and escaped the police. 那个小偷消失在人群中，没有被警察抓住。
 lose one's nerve 丧失勇气，惊慌：To the very last he never lost his nerve. 直到最后他也从未丧失过勇气。
 lose sight of 1)看不见了：The plane flew so fast that he lost sight of it at once. 飞机飞得很快，他很快就看不见了。2)忘记，忽略：He never lost sight of the fact that he had been born in the slums. 他从来也没有忘记过他出生在贫民窟。
 lose one's shirt 失去一切，输得精光(infml)：He lost his shirt in gambling. 他赌博输了个精光。
 lose touch/contact with 和……失去联系：The pilot lost touch/contact with the control tower. 飞行员与指挥塔失去了联系。
 lose track (of)失去联系，不知情况或下落：He's lost all track of her since they left school. 自从学校毕业以后他就不知道她的下落了。
 lose out(v adv)失败，输给，竞争不过(vi)：He got through the preliminaries，but lost out in the final. 他通过了预赛，但是在决赛中被淘汰。Some workers have lost out to robots in the factory. 在这家工厂一些工人已被机器人取代。
 →lost adj 丢(丧)失的;迷路的;不知所措的;′loser n 失败者;loss n