(1)生命(quality which animals and plants have when they are not dead and which objects and substances don't have)[U]：sb's last hours of～某人生命的最后几小时;～and death 生与死;the origin of～生命的起源;How did～begin? 生命是怎样起源的? 〖反〗death;

(2)生命(物)(living things collectively)[U]：animal and plant～动植物;marine～海洋生物;a reserve for the preservation of wild～野生动物保护区;No～has been found on the moon. 月球上还没有发现生命。There are many forms of～on earth. 地球上有多种生命形式。

(3)生命(存)(state of living)[U]：bring/restore sb to～使某人复活;come to～苏醒过来;L～depends on air，food and water. 生命取决于空气、食物和水。the～cycle of the plant 植物的生命周期;

(4)性命，生命(living person)[C]：prolong/save sb's～延长/挽救某人的生命;lay down/give/sacrifice one's～for one's country 为国捐躯;lose one's～in an accident 在事故中丧生;risk one's～冒生命危险;take one's own～自杀;Many lives were lost in the earthquake. 许多人在地震中丧生。The traffic accident claimed 15 lives. 那次交通事故中有15人死亡。A cat has nine lives.(prov) 猫有九命。

(5)生活(涯)(general course of human existence)[U]：begin～as a clerk 开始职员的生涯;enter business/political～开始经商/政治生涯;campus/college/university/city/country～ 校园/大学/大学/城市/乡村生活;one's daily/married/family/home～日常/婚后/家庭/家庭生活;sb's private～某人的私生活;in actual～在现实生活中;He has too little social～. 他的社交生活太少。In a large city，～moves with a rush. 大城市的生活节奏很快。

(6)生活方式 (way of living) [C]： lead/live a busy (colourful/difficult/hard/frugal/full/happy/healthy/lonely/miserable/normal/peaceful/simple/solitary)～过忙碌(丰富多彩/艰难/艰难/节俭/充实/幸福/健康/孤独/苦难/正常/安宁/简朴/孤独)的生活; an easy～ 舒适的生活;start a new～开始一种新的生活;

(7)世事，活动(activities of the world;movement)[U]：see much/little of～见过不少/没见过世面;What's the night～like there? 那里的夜生活怎么样? There isn't much～in a small country village. 小乡村里没有多少社交活动。

(8)一生;有生以来(length of time between birth and death or from birth to the present time)[C]：spend one's early/adult～on a farm 早年/成年在农场度过;spend the rest of one's～abroad 到国外去度余生;devote one's whole～to the study of science 一生献身于科学研究;a short/transitory～短暂的一生;He was a coward all his～. 他一生胆小怕事。His～has been one of great accomplishment. 他的一生成就巨大。He has never been so tongue-tied in his～. 他有生以来还从未如此张口结舌。He has lived most of his～in the country. 他在乡下生活了大半辈子。early/late in～早/晚年;in the prime of～正年富力强;

(9)终身(length of time between the present and death)[U]：be imprisoned for～被终身监禁;a friend/job/membership for～终身的朋友/工作/会员资格;be sentenced to～imprisonment 被判终身监禁;As a result of that accident he was crippled for～. 那次事故使他终身残疾。

(10)生气，活力，劲头(liveliness;animation;spirit)[U]：full of～充满活力，生气勃勃;breathe/put～into a painting/a statue 使一幅画/一尊塑像栩栩如生;The portrait was drawn to～. 这幅像画得维妙维肖。put more～into one's work 工作得更起劲;She was tired，and spoke without～. 她累了，说起话来没精打采。〖同〗vitality;

(11)实物，真人模特儿(living models)[U]：still～静物写生;a class in～人体写生课;a portrait taken from(the)～人物写生画;This was painted from～，not from a photograph. 这是根据实物，而不是根据照片画的。

(12)传记(story of sb's life;biography)[C]：He has written a～of Churchill. 他写了一部丘吉尔传。He is reading the～of Napoleon. 他在读拿破仑传。

(13)寿命，活跃期(length of time during which sth continues or is active)[C]：lengthen the～of a machine/an electric bulb 延长机器/电灯泡的使用寿命;This washing machine should have a(working)～of at least 10 years. 这台洗衣机的寿命至少应有10年。the～of a government 一届政府的执政期;a long-～battery 长效电池;～expectancy 预期寿命;～insurance 人寿保险;

between life and death 生命垂危：The little sick boy lay all night between～and death. 那个生病的小男孩整夜生命垂危。

for dear/one'e life 拼命地：He ran for dear～. 他拼命地跑。

for the life of one 无论怎样努力 (infml)：I cannot for the～of me remember where I met her. 我怎么也想不起来是在哪儿见过她。

not on your life决不(infml)：Do you think I am going to trust a person like him? Not on your～. 你认为我会信任他那样的人吗? 决不会的。

take one's life in one's hands 冒生命危险：Driving that car with those worn tires would be taking your～in your hands. 开那辆轮胎都破了的车会非常危险。

true to life 逼真，栩栩如生：This book is true to～. 这本书写得非常真实。

→͵life-and/or-′death adj 生死攸关的;′lifebelt n 救生带;′lifebuoy n 救生圈;′lifeblood n 生命力(线);元气;′lifeboat n 救生艇;′lifeguard n 救生员;′life-jacket n 救生衣;′lifelike adj 逼真的，栩栩如生的;′lifeless adj 无生命(气)的;′lifelessly adv 死气沉沉地;′lifeline n 救生索;生命线;′lifelong adj 毕生的;终身的;′life-pre′server n 救生衣;′lifer n 无期囚犯;′life-raft n 救生筏;′life-size(d) adj 与实物大小一样的;′life-span n 寿命;有效期;′life-style n 生活方式;′lifetime n 一生，终身;life-′work=͵life's ′work n 毕生的事业