v (1)知道，了解(be aware of or have been informed about;be certain)[I，T+n，T+that，T+wh，T+wh-inf，T+to-inf，C+n+to-inf]：as far as/so far as I～，就我所知;Who～s? 谁知道? He said he didn't～. 他说他不知道。He thinks he～s better than anybody. 他认为他比别人学识渊博。～sb's address/the answer to a question知道某人的地址/一个问题的答案;Do you～him? 你认识他吗? To know everything is to know nothing.(prov)什么都知道即什么都不知道。I～that you aren't a prejudiced man/they don't like Tom. 我知道你不是个有偏见的人/他们不喜欢汤姆。～what sb's doing/why he refused to come 知道某人在干什么/他为什么拒绝来此;How Jennie became acquainted with Tom we do not～. 我们不知道珍妮是如何认识汤姆的。I don't～which one to take. 我不知道该拿哪个好。～sb to be honest/a liar/a fool 知道某人诚实/是个说谎者/是个笨蛋;〖同〗realize，perceive，understand，see，notice;
 (2)会，懂，知晓(have knowledge of and be able to use)[T+n，T+wh，T+wh-inf]：～Japanese/the poem by heart/one's job 会日语/能背诵那首诗/胜任自己的工作;Nobody～s whether he's here or not.没人知道他是否在此。～how to swim/drive/make friends 会游泳/能开车/懂得交朋友;
 (3)认识，熟悉(be acquainted or familiar with)[T+n，C+n+prep(as)]：～sb/New York/the lay-out of a room very well 非常熟悉某人/纽约/房间的布局;have known sb for five years 认识某人五年了：～London better than Washington 对伦敦比对华盛顿更熟悉;～sb by sight 同某人只是面熟;～Vienna as the place where one spent his childhood 对维也纳很熟悉，那是自己度过童年的地方;before one～s where one is 转眼(瞬息)之间;
 (4)(辨)认出，识别(distinguish，identify or recognize)[T+n，T+n+prep(from)]：～sb by sb's walk/a good wine when one tastes it 从其步态认出某人/一尝就知道是好酒;～right from wrong 分清是非;～Mary from her twin sister 辨别玛丽和她的孪生姐(或妹);～oneself 有自知之明;
 (5)认(称)为…… (regard as) [C+n +prep(as)常 pass]：He is known as a fair judge/an excellent dancer.他被认为是一名公正的法官/优秀的舞蹈家。
 (6)经历，体验(have an experience of)[T+n]：～grief and happiness/poverty and riches 品尝了悲伤与欢乐/贫穷与富有;
 (7)见(听)到过((only in the past and perfect tenses) have seen，heard，etc)[C+n+to-inf，BrE C+n+inf]：(只用于过去时和完成时)：I've never known her (to) lose her temper. 我从未见她发过脾气。I've never known him sing so beautifully before. 以前我从没听说过他歌唱得这么优美。
 be known to sb为……所熟知：She's known to everyone as an excellent actress.大家都知道她是个优秀演员。
 know best 最具权威性：You～best，Tom，I trust you. 汤姆，你最在行，我信任你。
 know better than 应懂得不该……：You should～better than to play with knives. 你应明白不该拿刀子玩耍。
 know sth backwards 非常熟悉，倒背如流： Every actor ought to～his lines backwards before he goes on stage，as nervousness may make him forgetful. 上台前每位演员都应该对台词倒背如流，这是因为一紧张可能会忘词。
 know which side one's bread is buttered(infml)知道怎样对自己有利：Dick was always polite to the boss;he knew which side his bread was buttered. 迪克对老板总是彬彬有礼，他知道如何表现对自己有利。
 let sb know 告诉：Please let them～that we are coming. 请告诉他们我们要去。
 make oneself known to sb 对……作自我介绍：When I saw the new teacher I made myself known to him. 我一见到新老师便向他作了自我介绍。
 not know where/which way to look (infml)不知如何是好：When Jennie missed the last bus home，she didn't～which way to look. 珍妮错过了回家的最后一班车，她真不知道如何是好。
 there is no knowing 没法知道：There is no～ing what he'll do next. 不可能知道他下一步将要做什么。
 you know (infml) 你知道(提醒对方或只作填补词)： You'll have to try harder，you～，if you want to succeed. 你要知道，如果想成功，就得更加努力。
 know about (v prep)了解，知道(vt)：Tell us everything that you～about the enemy's activities. 告诉我们你所知道的敌人的全部活动。
 know of (v prep)听说过(vt)：I～of the town but I've never been there. 我听说过那个镇子，但从未去过。
 →′know-all(infml) n 自以为无所不知的人，′know-how n 技能(巧)，专门技术;′knowing adj 心照不宣的;精明的;′knowingly adv 故意地;心照不宣地;
 n 仅用于 in the know (infml) 知道实情(内幕)： I am sure the information I have given you is correct，for it was told me by someone who is in the～.我敢肯定我告诉你的消息绝对准确，因为它是由知道内幕的人透露给我的。
 【辨异】know与comprehend和understand均可表示“知道”，“了解”。know指知道事实或真相，如：I don't～whether he is here or not. (我不晓得他是否在这儿。)comprehend指对某事能彻底了解并能理解它与相关计划、事实等的各种关系，如： Tom～s the subtleties of the poem.(汤姆了解这首诗的细微差别。)understand 指不仅完全知道某事的意思，而且还知道它的含义，如：I think I can～the position you're all in.(我想我能了解你们所处的境地。)