| 释义 |
历史学lì shǐ xuéHistory阿尔弗雷德大帝 [ā ěr fú léi dé dà dì] [Britain] Alfred the Great [849-899]
阿拉伯帝国 [ā lā bó dì ɡuó] Arab Empire
阿摩西斯一世 [ā mó xī sī yī shì] [Egypt] Amosis I
阿育王 [ā yù wánɡ] [India] Asoka (reigned 273-232 B.C.)
埃及帝国 [āi jí dì ɡuó] Egyptian Empire
艾德诺 [ài dé nuò] [Germany] Konrad Adenauer [1876-1967]
爱伯特 [ài bó tè] [Germany] Frederich Ebert [1871-1925]
爱德华八世 [ài dé huá bā shì] [Britain] King Edward VIII [1894-1972]
爱琴文化 [ài qín wén huà] Aegean Civilization
爱琴文明 [ài qín wén mínɡ] Aegean Civilization
安得鲁·杰克逊 [ān dé lǔ jié kè xùn] [USA] Andrew Jackson (1767-1845)
安得鲁·约翰逊 [ān dé lǔ yuē hàn xùn] [USA] Andrew Johnson (1808-1875)
安东尼 [ān dōnɡ ní] [Rome] Marcus Autonius [83?-30 B.C.]
岸信介 [àn xìn jiè] [Japan] Kishi Nobusuke (1896-1987)
奥兰治自由邦 [ào lán zhì zì yóu bānɡ] Orange Free State
奥斯曼帝国 [ào sī màn dì ɡuó] Ottoman Empire
奥托一世 [ào tuō yī shì] [Germany] Otto I (912-973)
八旗 [bā qí] [China] Eight Banners (in Manchu Army)
巴士底监狱 [bā shì dǐ jiān yù] Bastille; Tower of Bastille
白莲教 [bái lián jiào] [China] White Lotus Sect
柏林会议 [bó lín huì yì] Berlin Conference
百日维新 [bǎi rì wéi xīn] [China] Hundred Days’ Reform
拜占庭帝国 [bài zhān tínɡ dì ɡuó] Byzantine Empire
暴君 [bào jūn] tyrant
北朝 [běi cháo] [China] Northern Dynasty
北京人 [běi jīnɡ rén] [China] Peking/Beijing Man; Sinanthropus
北齐文宣帝高洋 [běi qí wén xuān dì ɡāo yánɡ] [China] Gao Yang, Emperor Wen-xuan of the Northern QiDynasty
北宋 [běi sònɡ] [China] Northern Song Dynasty
北宋太祖赵匡胤 [běi sònɡ tài zǔ zhào kuānɡ yìn] [China] Zhao Kuangyin, Emporor Taizu of the Northern Song
北洋军阀 [běi yánɡ jūn fá] [China] Peiyang/Beiyang/northern warlords
北周孝愍帝宇文觉 [běi zhōu xiào mǐn dì yǔ wén jué] [China] Yuwen Jue, Emperor Xiaomin of Northern Chou Dynasty
贝当 [bèi dānɡ] [France] Henry Philippe Petain (1856-1951)
贝壳弹劾 [bèi ké tán hé] [ancient Greece] ostracism
本杰明·富兰克林 [běn jié mínɡ fù lán kè lín] [USA] Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)
本杰明·哈里逊 [běn jié mínɡ hā lǐ xùn] [USA] Benjamin Harrison (1833-1901)
比尔·克林顿 [bǐ ěr kè lín dùn] [USA] Bill Clinton [1946- ]
彼得大帝 [bǐ dé dà dì] [Russia] Peter the Great (1672-1725)
俾斯麦 [bǐ sī mài] Otto Von Bistaarck (1815-1898)
币制 [bì zhì] coinage; monetary system
变法 [biàn fǎ] (political) reform
兵部 [bīnɡ bù] [China] Ministry of War
兵制 [bīnɡ zhì] military system
波利瓦 [bō lì wǎ] [Venezuela] Simon Bolivar (1783-1830)
波旁王朝 [bō pánɡ wánɡ cháo] Bourbon Dynasty
波斯帝国 [bō sī dì ɡuó] Persian Empire
伯里克利斯 [bó lǐ kè lì sī] [Athens] Pericles
伯罗奔尼撒联盟 [bó luó bēn ní sā lián ménɡ] Peloponnesian League
不列颠帝国 [bù liè diān dì ɡuó] British Empire
布尔什维克党 [bù ěr shén wéi kè dǎnɡ] Bolshevik Party
布鲁特斯 [bù lǔ tè sī] [Rome] Marcus Brutus (85-42 B.C.)
彩陶文化 [cǎi táo wén huà] Painted Pottery Culture; Yang Shao Culture
查理曼大帝 [chá lǐ màn dà dì] [Kingdom of the Franks] Charles the Great; Charlemagne (742-814)
查理一世 [chá lǐ yī shì] [Britain] Charles I (1600-1649); [Spain] Charles I (1500-1558)
查士丁尼大帝 [chá shì dīnɡ ní dà dì] [Rome] Justinian the Great (483-565)
常胜军 [chánɡ shènɡ jūn] Ever Triumphant Army
陈武帝陈霸先 [chén wǔ dì chén bà xiān] [China] Chen Baxian, Emperor Wu of the Chen Dynasty
丞相 [chénɡ xiànɡ] ancicent term for secretary of state; prime minster
成康之治 [chénɡ kānɡ zhī zhì] [China] enlightened administration of the Cheng-Kang period (in the Zhou dynasty)
敕令 [chì lìnɡ] imperial order
出帝石重贵 [chū dì shí chónɡ ɡuì] [China] Shi Chonggui, Emperor Chu of the Later Jin Dynasty
春秋 [chūn qiū] [China] Chun Qiu; Spring and Autumn Period [722-481 B.C.]
达拉第 [dá lā dì] [France] Edouard Daladier (1884-1970)
大流士 [dà liú shì] [Persia] Darius (reigned 522-486 B.C.)
大陆会议 [dà lù huì yì] continental congress
大陆制度 [dà lù zhì dù] continental system
大平正芳 [dà pínɡ zhènɡ fānɡ] [Japan] Ohira Masayoshi (1910?-1980)
大希腊 [dà xī là] Greater Greece
戴高乐 [dài ɡāo lè] [France] de Gaulle (1890-1970)
戴克里先 [dài kè lǐ xiān] [Rome] Diocletian (245-313)
丹敦 [dān dūn] [France] Georges J. Danton (1759-1794)
道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟 [dào ɡé lā sī mài kè ā sè] [USA] Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964)
德川家康 [dé chuān jiā kānɡ] [Japan] Tokugawa Ieyasu (1542-1616)
德意志帝国 [dé yì zhì dì ɡuó] German Empire
登基 [dēnɡ jī] ascend the throne
登位 [dēnɡ wèi] ascend the throne
迪奥多·罗斯福 [dí ào duō luó sī fú] [USA] Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919)
迪斯雷利 [dí sī léi lì] [Britain] Benjemin Disraeli (1804-1881)
狄奥多西大帝 [dí ào duō xī dà dì] [Rome] Theodosius the Great (346-395)
第三阶级 [dì sān jiē jí] third estate [the commons]
东汉光武帝刘秀 [dōnɡ hàn ɡuānɡ wǔ dì liú xiù] [China] Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty
东晋元帝司马睿 [dōnɡ jìn yuán dì sī mǎ ruì] [China] Sima Rui, Emperor Yuan of the Eastern Jin
东条英机 [dōnɡ tiáo yīnɡ jī] [Japan] Tojo Hideki (1884-1948)
东魏孝静帝元善见 [dōnɡ wèi xiào jìnɡ dì yuán shàn jiàn] [China] Yuan Shanjian, Emperor Xiaojing of the Eastern Wei Dynasty
东周平王 [dōnɡ zhōu pínɡ wánɡ] [China] King Ping of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty
都察院 [dū chá yuàn] Court of Censors
都铎王朝 [dū duō wánɡ cháo] Tudor Monarchs
法国革命 [fǎ ɡuó ɡé mìnɡ] French Revolution
法兰西第二共和国 [fǎ lán xī dì èr ɡònɡ hé ɡuó] Second Republic in France
法兰西第三共和国 [fǎ lán xī dì sān ɡònɡ hé ɡuó] Third Republic in France
法兰西斯一世 [fǎ lán xī sī yī shì] [France] Francis I (1494-1547)
法老 [fǎ lǎo] pharaoh
法西斯党 [fǎ xī sī dǎnɡ] Fascist Party
凡尔赛宫 [fán ěr sài ɡōnɡ] Versailles
反基督教运动 [fǎn jī dū jiào yùn dònɡ] anti-Christian campaign
腓力二世 [féi lì èr shì] [Spain] Philip Ⅱ (1527-1598)
腓力五世 [féi lì wǔ shì] [Spain] Philip Ⅴ (1683-1746)
斐迪南 [fěi dí nán] [Austria] Francis Ferdinand
废王位 [fèi wánɡ wèi] depose
丰臣秀吉 [fēnɡ chén xiù jí] [Japan] Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536-1598)
封建制度 [fēnɡ jiàn zhì dù] feudalism; feudal system
枫丹白露宫 [fēnɡ dān bái lù ɡōnɡ] Fontainbleau
弗朗哥 [fú lǎnɡ ɡē] [Spain] Francisco Franco (1892-1975)
复辟 [fù bì] restoration; the Restoration
富兰克林·得拉诺·罗斯福 [fù lán kè lín dé lā nuò luó sī fú] [USA] Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945)
富兰克林·皮尔斯 [fù lán kè lín pí ěr sī] [USA] Franklin Pierce (1804-1869)
甘必大 [ɡān bì dà] [France] Leon Gambetta (1838-1882)
甘地 [ɡān dì] [India] Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948)
格莱斯顿 [ɡé lái sī dùn] [Britain] William E. Gladston [1809-1898]
格罗弗·克里夫兰 [ɡé ló fú kè lǐ fū lán] [USA] Grover Cleveland (1837-1908)
工部 [ɡōnɡ bù] Board of Works
工业革命 [ɡōnɡ yè ɡé mìnɡ] Industrial Revolution
恭帝柴宗训 [ɡōnɡ dì chái zōnɡ xùn] [China] Chai Zongxun, Emperor Gong of the Later Zhou Dynasty
恭帝元廓 [ɡōnɡ dì yuán kuò] [China] Yuan Kuo, Emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty
共和革命 [ɡònɡ hé ɡé mìnɡ] democratic revolution
古典文明 [ɡǔ diǎn wén mínɡ] classical civilization
关税同盟 [ɡuān shuì tónɡ ménɡ] German Zollverein
官制 [ɡuān zhì] system of officials
光荣革命 [ɡuānɡ rónɡ ɡé mìnɡ] Glorious Revolution
国号 [ɡuó hào] title of a reigning dynasty
国民革命 [ɡuó mín ɡé mìnɡ] National Revolution
国子监 [ɡuó zǐ jiān] Imperial College
翰林院 [hàn lín yuàn] [China] Imperial Academy
汉摩拉比 [hàn mó lā bǐ] [Babylon] Hammurabi (reigned ca.2123-2081 B.C.)
汉尼拔 [hàn ní bá] [Carthage] Hannibal (247-183 B.C.)
荷马时代 [hé mǎ shí dài] Homeric Age
和帝萧宝融 [hé dì xiāo bǎo rónɡ] [China] Xiao Baorong, Emperor He of the Qi Dynasty
赫伯特·胡佛 [hè bó tè hú fú] [USA] Herbert Hoover (1874-1964)
赫鲁晓夫 [hè lǔ xiǎo fū] [Russia] Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (1894-1971)
黑暗时期 [hēi àn shí qī] Dark Ages
黑陶文化 [hēi táo wén huà] Black Pottery Culture
亨利·杜鲁门 [hēnɡ lì dù lǔ mén] [USA] Harry S. Truman (1884-1972)
亨利八世 [hēnɡ lì bā shì] [Britain] Henry VIII (1491-1547)
亨利四世 [hēnɡ lì sì shì] [France] Henry IV (1553-1610)
洪宪帝制 [hónɡ xiàn dì zhì] [China] Hong Xian Monarchy (Yuan Shikai)
红衫军团 [hónɡ shān jūn tuán] Red Shirts
后汉高祖刘知远 [hòu hàn ɡāo zǔ liú zhī yuǎn] [China] Liu Zhiyuan, Emperor Gaozu of the Later Han Dynasty
后主陈叔宝 [hòu zhǔ chén shū bǎo] [China] Chen Shubao, Later Master of the Chen Dynasty
后主刘禅 [hòu zhǔ liú chán] [China] Liu Chan, Later Master (in Three Kingdoms)
胡夫金字塔 [hú fū jīn zì tǎ] [Egypt] Pyramid of King Khufuor Cheops
胡夫王 [hú fū wánɡ] [Egypt] Khufu (reigned 2900-2877 B.C.)
护法运动 [hù fǎ yùn dònɡ] [China] Constitution Protection Movement
护国军 [hù ɡuó jūn] [China] Nation Protection Army
护民官 [hù mín ɡuān] [ancient Rome] tribune
户部 [hù bù] [China] Ministry of Revenue
华伦·嘉马黎尔·哈定 [huá lún jiā mǎ lí ěr hā dìnɡ] [USA] Warren Gamaliel Harding (1865-1923)
怀特·大卫·艾森豪威尔 [huái tè dà wèi ài sēn háo wēi ěr] [USA] Dwight David Eisenhower (1890-1969)
淮军 [huái jūn] [China] Huai Army
宦官专政 [huàn ɡuān zhuān zhènɡ] dominance of the eunuchs
黄帝 [huánɡ dì] [China] Yellow Emperor (2697-2589 B.C.)
皇家学会 [huánɡ jiā xué huì] royal society
回教文明 [huí jiào wén mínɡ] Moslem Civilization
霍亨索伦 [huò hēnɡ suǒ lún] [Germany] Hohenzollern
吉备真备 [jí bèi zhēn bèi] [Japan] Kibi Mabi (695-775)
吉米·卡特 [jí mǐ kǎ tè] [USA] Jimmy Carter; Jimmy James Earl Carter (1924- )
吉田茂 [jí tián mào] [Japan] Yoshida Shigeru [1878-1967]
加尔文·柯立芝 [jiā ěr wén kē lì zhī] [USA] Calvin Coolidge (1872-1933)
加富尔 [jiā fù ěr] [Italy] Camillo B Cavour (1810-1861)
加里波底 [jiā lǐ bō dǐ] [Italy] Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882)
加盟共和国 [jiā ménɡ ɡònɡ hé ɡuó] Union Republics
加拿大自治领 [jiā ná dà zì zhì lǐnɡ] Dominion of Canada
教皇国 [jiào huánɡ ɡuó] Papal State
教会联盟 [jiào huì lián ménɡ] federation of churches
节度使 [jié dù shǐ] [China] provincial governor (in charge of civil and military affairs in the Tang Dynasty)
杰诺得·鲁道夫·福特 [jié nuò dé lǔ dào fū fú tè] [USA] Gerald Rudolph Ford (1913- )
金太祖完颜阿骨打 [jīn tài zǔ wán yán ā ɡǔ dǎ] [China] Wanyan Akutta, Emperor Taizu of the Jin Dynasty
金印诏书 [jīn yìn zhào shū] Golden Bull
金字塔时期 [jīn zì tǎ shí qī] Age of the Pyramids
进士 [jìn shì] [China] former third degree candidate in the national civil service examination; Palace graduate
近代文明 [jìn dài wén mínɡ] modern civilization
敬帝萧方智 [jìnɡ dì xiāo fānɡ zhì] [China] Xiao Fangzhi, Emperor Jingof the Liang Dynasty
九品中正制 [jiǔ pǐn zhōnɡ zhènɡ zhì] [China] nine grades of rank in former regimes
旧石器时代 [jiù shí qì shí dài] Old Stone Age; Palaeolithic Age
居鲁士 [jū lǔ shì] [Persia] Cyrus (600-529 B.C.)
举人 [jǔ rén] [China] former second degree candidate in the provincial examination
均势 [jūn shì] balance of power
均田制 [jūn tián zhì] land allocation system
军备会议 [jūn bèi huì yì] arms conference
军机处 [jūn jī chù] [China] Ministry of Defense [under Manchu government]
军机大臣 [jūn jī dà chén] [China] minister of defence
军事独裁 [jūn shì dú cái] military dictatorship
军政 [jūn zhènɡ] military administration
君士坦丁大帝 [jūn shì tǎn dīnɡ dà dì] [Rome] Constantine the Great [280?-337]
郡国制 [jùn ɡuó zhì] system of prefectures and principalities
郡县制 [jùn xiàn zhì] system of prefectures and counties
卡洛林王朝 [kǎ luò lín wánɡ cháo] Carolingian Dynasty
开明君主 [kāi mínɡ jūn zhǔ] enlightened despot
开元之治 [kāi yuán zhī zhì] [China] enlightened administration of the Kaiyuan period (in the Tang dynasty)
凯末尔·阿塔土克 [kǎi mò ěr ā tǎ tǔ kè] [Turkey] Kemal Ataturk [1881-1938]
凯撒 [kǎi sā] [Rome] Julius Caesar (102 or 100-44 B.C.)
凯萨琳大帝 [kǎi sà lín dà dì] [Russia] Catherine the Great (1729-1796)
科尔伯特 [kē ěr bó tè] [France] Jean Colbert (1619-1683)
科举制度 [kē jǔ zhì dù] [China] civil service examination system
克拉苏 [kè lā sū] [Rome] Licinius Crassus (115?-53 B.C.)
克里蒙梭 [kè lǐ ménɡ suō] [France] Georges Clemenceau (1841-1929)
克利欧佩特拉 [kè lì ōu pèi tè lā] [Egypt] Cleopatra (69-30 B.C.)
克伦斯基 [kè lún sī jī] [Russia] Alexander Feodorovich Kerensky (1881-1970)
克伦威尔 [kè lún wēi ěr] [Britain] Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658)
拉丁美洲革命 [lā dīnɡ měi zhōu ɡé mìnɡ] Latin-American Revolution
莱茵邦联 [lái yīn bānɡ lián] Confederation of the Rhine
劳埃德·乔治 [láo āi dé qiáo zhì] [Britain] David Lloyd George (1863-1945)
理查·米赫斯·尼克松 [lǐ chá mǐ hè sī ní kè sōng ] [USA] Richard Milhous Nixon (1913-1994)
理藩院 [lǐ fān yuàn] [China] Ministry of Tribal Affairs (of the Qing Dynasty)
礼部 [lǐ bù] [China] Minisery of Rites and Ceremonies
吏部 [lì bù] [China] Minisery of Personnel
联邦条例 [lián bānɡ tiáo lì] articles of confederation
连横 [lián hénɡ] [China] "unite and conquer" policy [in Warring States Period]
梁武帝萧衍 [liánɡ wǔ dì xiāo yǎn] [China] Xiao Yan, Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty
两税法 [liǎnɡ shuì fǎ] [China] Semiannual Tax System (in the Tang Dynasty)
两西西里王国 [liǎnɡ xī xī lǐ wánɡ ɡuó] Kingdom of two Sicilies
辽太祖耶律阿保机 [liáo tài zǔ yē lǜ ā bǎo jī] [China] Yelü Abaoji, Emperor Taizu of the Liao Dynasty
列宁 [liè nínɡ] [Russia] Nicholas Lenin (1870-1924)
铃木善幸 [línɡ mù shàn xìnɡ] [Japan] Suzuki Zenkou (1911- )
龙山文化 [lónɡ shān wén huà] Black Pottery Culture; Lung Shan Culture
卢浮宫 [lú fú ɡōnɡ] Louvre
路易拿破仑 [lù yì ná pò lún] [France] Louis Napoleon (1808-1873)
路易十六 [lù yì shí liù] [France] Louis XVI (1754-1793)
路易十三 [lù yì shí sān] [France] Louis XIII (1601-1643)
路易十四 [lù yì shí sì] [France] Louis XIV (1638-1715)
路易腓力 [lù yì féi lì] [France] Louis Philippe (1773-1850)
律制 [lǜ zhì] legal system
罗伯斯比 [luó bó sī bǐ] [France] Robespierre [1758-1794]
罗纳德·威尔逊·里根 [luó nà dé wēi ěr xùn lǐ ɡēn] [USA] Ronald Wilson Reagan (1911- )
罗斯福·伯查德·海斯 [luó sī fú bó chú dé hǎi sī] [USA] Rutherford Birchard Hayes (1822-1893)
玛丽二世 [mǎ lì èr shì] [Britain] Mary II [1662-1694]
马丁·范·布伦 [mǎ dīnɡ fàn bù lún] [USA] Martin Van Buren (1782-1862)
马其顿的腓力 [mǎ qí dùn de féi lì] Philip of Macedon (382-336 B.C.)
马萨林 [mǎ sà lín] [France] Jules Mazarin (1602-1661)
马歇尔 [mǎ xiē ěr] [USA] George C. Marshall (1880-1959)
马志尼 [mǎ zhì ní] [Italy] Giuseppe Mazzini (1805-1872)
麦锡尼时代 [mài xī ní shí dài] Mycenaean Age
毛奇元帅 [máo qí yuán shuài] [Germany] Helmuth Karl Moltke (1800-1891)
梅特涅 [méi tè niè] [Austria] Lothar von Metternich (1773-1859)
美国革命 [měi ɡuó ɡé mìnɡ] American Revolution
门下省 [mén xià shěnɡ] Ministry of Counseling and Functionary Management of a Dynasty
蒙古帝国 [ménɡ ɡǔ dì ɡuó] Mongol Empire
米兰公国 [mǐ lán ɡōnɡ ɡuó] Milan Dukedom
米兰诏书 [mǐ lán zhào shū] Edict of Milan
米勒·费尔摩 [mǐ lè fèi ěr mó] [USA] Millard Fillmore (1800-1874)
民主时代 [mín zhǔ shí dài] age of democracy
愍帝司马业 [mǐn dì sī mǎ yè] [China] Sima Ye, Emperor Min of the Western Jin Dynasty
明太祖朱元璋 [mínɡ tài zǔ zhū yuán zhānɡ] [China] Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty
明治天皇 [mínɡ zhì tiān huánɡ] [Japan] Meiji Emperor (1852-1912)
墨索里尼 [mò suó lǐ ní] [Italy] Benito Mussolini (1883-1945)
募兵制 [mù bīnɡ zhì] voluntary military service system
木乃伊 [mù nǎi yī] mummy
拿破仑 [ná pò lún] [France] Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821)
纳尔逊将军 [nà ěr xùn jiānɡ jūn] [Britain] Admiral Nelson (1758-1805)
南朝 [nán cháo] [China] Southern Dynasty
南非联邦 [nán fēi lián bānɡ] Union of South Africa
南宋高宗赵构 [nán sònɡ ɡāo zōnɡ zhào ɡòu] [China] Zhao Gou, Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song
南特诏书 [nán tè zhào shū] Edict of Nantes
内阁 [nèi ɡé] Cabinet; Grand Secretariat
内阁会议 [nèi ɡé huì yì] English cabinet; cabinet council
尼古拉二世 [ní ɡǔ lā èr shì] [Russia] Nicholas II (1868-1918)
尼禄 [ní lù] [Rome] Nero (37-68)
年号 [nián hào] title of emperor’s reign
农业时代 [nónɡ yè shí dài] age of agriculture
帕台农神庙 [pà tái nónɡ shén miào] [Athens] Parthenon Temple
庞培 [pánɡ péi] [Rome] Pompey (106-48 B.C.)
皮拉斯 [pí lā sī] [Epirus] Pyrrhus (318-272 B.C.)
齐高帝萧道成 [qí ɡāo dì xiāo dào chénɡ] [China] Xiao Daocheng, Emperor Gaodi of the Qi Dynasty (in Southern Dynasty)
启蒙运动 [qǐ ménɡ yùn dònɡ] the Enlightenment
前汉 [qián hàn] [China] Former Han Dynasty
乔治·哈伯特·沃克·布什 [qiáo zhì hā bó tè wò kè bù shí] (USA) George Herbert Walker Bush [1924- ]
乔治·华盛顿 [qiáo zhì huá shènɡ dùn] [USA] George Washington (1732-1799)
切斯特·亚兰·亚瑟 [qiè sī tè yà lán yà sè] [USA] Chester Alan Arthur (1829-1886)
钦宗赵桓 [qīn zōnɡ zhào huán] [China] Zhao Huan, Emperor Qinzong of the Northern Song
秦始皇嬴政 [qín shǐ huánɡ yínɡ zhènɡ] [China] Ying Zheng, First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty
清世祖福临 [qīnɡ shì zǔ fú lín] [China] Fu Lin, Emperor Shizu of the Qing Dynasty
邱吉尔 [qiū jí ěr] [Britain] Winston L. S. Churchill (1874-1965)
权利请愿书 [quán lì qǐnɡ yuàn shū] Petition of Right
人权宣言 [rén quán xuān yán] Declaration of the Rights of Man
日耳曼邦联 [rì ěr màn bānɡ lián] German Confederation
萨丁尼亚王国 [sà dīnɡ ní yà wánɡ ɡuó] Kingdom of Sardinia
萨尔恭一世 [sà ěr ɡōnɡ yī shì] [Akkad] Sargon I (ca.2334-2279)
萨克利·泰勒 [sà kè lì tài lè] [USA] Zachary Taylor (1784-1850)
三国 [sān ɡuó] [China] Three Kingdoms
三国同盟 [sān ɡuó tónɡ ménɡ] Triple Alliance
三呼万岁 [sān hū wàn suì] cheer; Hip, Hip, Hurrah!
沙列公爵 [shā liè ɡōnɡ jué] [France] Maximilien Sully (1560-1641)
山顶洞人 [shān dǐnɡ dònɡ rén] caveman
禅让 [shàn rànɡ] non-hereditary imperial succession
商汤 [shānɡ tānɡ] Shang Dynasty
商业革命 [shānɡ yè ɡé mìnɡ] commercial revolution
商鞅变法 [shānɡ yānɡ biàn fǎ] [China] Reforms of Shang Yang
尚书省 [shànɡ shū shěnɡ] Council of Advisors to the Throne
烧炭党 [shāo tàn dǎnɡ] [Italy] Carbonari
社会改革 [shè huì ɡǎi ɡé] social reform
神圣罗马帝国 [shén shènɡ luó mǎ dì ɡuó] Holy Rome Empire (Barbarossa, 1123?-1190)
神圣同盟 [shén shènɡ tónɡ ménɡ] Holy Alliance
圣马丁 [shènɡ mǎ dīnɡ] [Latin America] Josede San Martin (1778-1850)
圣女贞德 [shènɡ nǚ zhēn dé] [France] Joan of Arc (1412-1431)
圣旨 [shènɡ zhǐ] imperial decree
十二木表法 [shí èr mù biǎo fǎ] Laws of Twelve Tables
十字军 [shí zì jūn] Crusades
石器时代 [shí qì shí dài] Stone Age
史前时代 [shǐ qián shí dài] prehistoric age
世袭 [shì xí] hereditary system
势力范围 [shì lì fàn wéi] sphere of influence
弑君 [shì jūn] regicide
蜀昭烈帝刘备 [shǔ zhāo liè dì liú bèi] [China] Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of the Kingdom of Shuhan (in Three Kingdoms)
税制 [shuì zhì] tax/taxation system
顺帝刘准 [shùn dì liú zhǔn] [China] Liu Zhun, Emperor Shun (in Southern Dynasty)
斯大林 [sī dà lín] [Russia] Joseph Stalin (1879-1953)
丝绸之路 [sī chóu zhī lù] [China] Silk Route/Road
丝路 [sī lù] [China] Silk Route/Road
宋武帝刘裕 [sònɡ wǔ dì liú yù] [China] Liu Yu, Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty
苏拉 [sū lā] [Rome] Cornelius Sula
苏里曼一世 [sū lǐ màn yī shì] [Ottoman-Turkey] Suleiman I (1496?-1566)
苏维埃社会主义共和国联邦 [sū wéi āi shè huì zhǔ yì ɡònɡ hé ɡuó lián bānɡ] the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
隋文帝杨坚 [suí wén dì yánɡ jiān] [China] Yang Jian, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty
梭伦 [suō lún] [Athens] Solon (638?-558? B.C.)
所罗门王 [suǒ luó mén wánɡ] [Israel] King Solomon (ca.933 B.C.)
特雷莎女王 [tè léi shā nǚ wánɡ] [Austria] Queen Maria Theresa (1717-1780)
太庙 [tài miào] royal ancestral temple
太尉 [tài wèi] [China] official in charge of military affairs
唐高祖李渊 [tánɡ ɡāo zǔ lǐ yuān] [China] Li Yuan, Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty
唐尧 [tánɡ yáo] [China] Tang/Emperor Yao
忒密斯托克利 [tè mì sī tuō kè lì] [Athens] Themistocles (524-460 B.C.)
提洛邦联 [tí luò bānɡ lián] Delian Confederation
天地会 [tiān dì huì] [China] Heaven and Earth Society (in the Qing dynasty)
天理教 [tiān lǐ jiào] [China] Heaven Reason/principle Society (in the Qing dynasty)
天主教改革 [tiān zhǔ jiào ɡǎi ɡé] Catholic Reformation
田制 [tián zhì] farming system
田中义一 [tián zhōnɡ yì yī] [Japan] Tanaka Giichi (1863-1929)
铁器时代 [tiě qì shí dài] Iron Age
铁血政策 [tiě xuè zhènɡ cè] Blood and Iron Policy
同盟会 [tónɡ ménɡ huì] United League; (Tung Meng Hui)
铜器时代 [tónɡ qì shí dài] Bronze Age
土地法案 [tǔ dì fǎ àn] land act
托洛茨基 [tuō luò cí jī] [Russia] Leo Trotsky (1877-1940)
托马斯·杰斐逊 [tuō mǎ sī jié fěi xùn] [USA] Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)
外患 [wài huàn] foreign invasion/aggression
万里长城 [wàn lǐ chánɡ chénɡ] [China] Great Wall
王安石变法 [wánɡ ān shí biàn fǎ] [China] reforms of Wang Anshi
王莽 [wánɡ mǎnɡ] [China] Wang Mang (in the Xin Dynasty)
王室 [wánɡ shì] ruling house
王位继承法 [wánɡ wèi jì chénɡ fǎ] system of imperial succession
威廉·霍华德·塔夫特 [wēi lián huò huá dé tǎ fū tè] [USA] William Howard Taft (1857-1930)
威廉·亨利·哈里逊 [wēi lián hēnɡ lì hā lǐ xùn] William Henry Harrison (1773-1841)
威廉·麦金利 [wēi lián mài jīn lì] [USA] William McKinley (1843-1901)
威廉二世 [wēi lián èr shì] [Germany] William II (1859-1941)
威廉三世 [wēi lián sān shì] [Britain] William III (1650-1702)
威廉一世 [wēi lián yī shì] [Germany] William I (1797-1888)
威廉·腓特烈一世 [wēi lián féi tè liè yī shì] [Germany] Frederick William I (1657-1713)
威灵顿公爵 [wēi línɡ dùn ɡōnɡ jué] [Britain] Duke of Wellington (1769-1852)
维多利亚女王 [wéi duō lì yà nǚ wánɡ] [Britain] Queen Victoria (1837-1901)
维也纳会议 [wéi yě nà huì yì] Congress of Vienna
魏文帝曹丕 [wèi wén dì cáo pī] [China] Cao Pi, Emperor Wen of the Wei Dynasty (in Three Kingdoms)
文景之治 [wén jǐnɡ zhī zhì] [China] enlightened administration of the Wen-Jing period (in Han dynasty)
文艺复兴 [wén yì fù xīnɡ] Renaissance; Classical Revival
屋大维 [wū dà wéi] [Rome] Octavius
吴大帝孙权 [wú dà dì sūn quán] [China] Sun Quan, Great Emperor of the Kingdom of Wu (in Three Kingdoms)
五代 [wǔ dài] [China] Five Dynasties
五四运动 [wǔ sì yùn dònɡ] [China] May Fourth Movement
伍德罗·威尔逊 [wǔ dé luó wēi ěr xùn] [USA] Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924)
戊戌变法 [wù xū biàn fǎ] [China] Wu Xu Reform (1898)
西晋武帝司马炎 [xī jìn wǔ dì sī mǎ yán] [China] Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of the Western Jin Dynasty
西蒙 [xī ménɡ] [Athens] Cimon (510-451 B.C.)
西魏文帝元宝炬 [xī wèi wén dì yuán bǎo jù] [China] Yuan Baoju, Emperor Wen of the Western Wei Dynasty
西夏景宗赵元昊 [xī xià jǐnɡ zōnɡ zhào yuán hào] [China] Zhao Yuanhao, Emperor Jingzong of the Western Xia Dynasty
西周武王 [xī zhōu wǔ wánɡ] [China] King Wu of the Western zhou Dynasty
希腊化时代 [xī là huà shí dài] Hellenistic Age
希腊罗马文化 [xī là luó mǎ wén huà] Creco-Roman Culture/Civilization
希腊罗马文明 [xī là luó mǎ wén mínɡ] Creco-Roman Culture/Civilization
希腊文明 [xī là wén mínɡ] Hellenic Civilization
希腊同盟 [xī là tónɡ ménɡ] Hellenic League
希特勒 [xī tè lè] [Germany] Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)
宪政 [xiàn zhènɡ] constitutional government/rule
湘军 [xiānɡ jūn] [China] Hunan Army
孝武帝元修 [xiào wǔ dì yuán xiū] [China] Yuan Xiu, Emperor Xiaowu of the Northern Dynasty
协约国 [xié yuē ɡuó] the Allies (WWI); Allied and Associated Powers
新教革命 [xīn jiào ɡé mìnɡ] Protestant Revolution
新生活运动 [xīn shēnɡ huó yùn dònɡ] New Life Movement
新石器时代 [xīn shí qì shí dài] New Stone Age; Neolithic Age
新文化运动 [xīn wén huà yùn dònɡ] New Culture Movement
兴登堡 [xīnɡ dēnɡ bǎo] [Germany] Paul von Hindenburg (1847-1934)
兴中会 [xīnɡ zhōnɡ huì] Hsing Chung Hui; China Revival Society, est. in 1894 by Dr Sun Yat-sen
刑部 [xínɡ bù] [China] Ministry of Punishments
秀才 [xiù cái] [China] former bachelor of arts or graduate of first degree
驯鹿时代 [xùn lù shí dài] reindeer period/epoch
训政 [xùn zhènɡ] political tutelage
逊位 [xùn wèi] give up/abdicate the throne
雅典帝国 [yǎ diǎn dì ɡuó] Athenian Empire
亚伯拉罕·林肯 [yà bó lā hǎn lín kěn] [USA] Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865)
亚尔封索十三 [yà ěr fēnɡ suǒ shí sān] [Spain] Alfonso XIII (1886-1941)
亚历山大大帝 [yà lì shān dà dà dì] [Macedonia] Alexander the Great (356-323 B.C.)
亚力斯泰提斯 [yà lì sī tài tí sī] [Athens] Aristides (530?-468? B.C.)
亚述文化 [yà shù wén huà] Assyrian Culture
仰韶文化 [yǎnɡ sháo wén huà] [China] Painted Pottery Culture; Yang Shao Culture
耶路撒冷拉丁王国 [yē lù sā lěnɡ lā dīnɡ wánɡ ɡuó] Latin Kingdom of Jerusalum
一条鞭法 [yì tiáo biān fǎ] Single Whip System
伊凡三世 [yī fán sān shì] [Russia] Ivan III (1440-1505)
伊凡四世 [yī fán sì shì] [Russia] Ivan IV ; the Terrible Ivan IV (1530-1584)
伊克那顿 [yī kè nà dùn] [Egypt] Ikhnaton (reigned 1375-1358 B.C.)
伊莉莎白一世 [yī lì shā bái yī shì] [Britain] Elizabeth I (1533-1603)
伊曼纽尔二世 [yī màn niǔ ěr èr shì] [Sardinia] Emmanuel II
伊藤博文 [yī ténɡ bó wén] [Japan] Ito Hirobumi (1841-1909)
抑商政策 [yì shānɡ zhènɡ cè] policy of restraining commerce
意大利军团 [yì dà lì jūn tuán] Italian Legion
义和团 [yì hé tuán] [China] The Boxers; the Righteous and Harmonious Fists
隐帝刘承佑 [yǐn dì liú chénɡ yòu] [China] Liu Chengyou, Emperor Yin of the Later Han Dynasty
尤利西斯·辛普生·格兰特 [yóu lì xī sī xīn pǔ shēnɡ ɡé lán tè] [USA] Ulysses Simpson Grant (1822-1885)
幼主高恒 [yòu zhǔ ɡāo hénɡ] [China] Gao Heng, Young Emperor of the Northern Qi Dynasty
渔猎时代 [yú liè shí dài] fishing and hunting age
御史大夫 [yù shǐ dà fū] Grand Censor
元帝曹奂 [yuán dì cáo huàn] [China] Cao Huan, Emperor Yuan of the Kingdom of Wei (in Three Kingdoms)
元老 [yuán lǎo] senator
元老院 [yuán lǎo yuàn] senate
元世祖忽必烈 [yuán shì zǔ hū bì liè] [China] Borzigin Kubliai, Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty
远古文明 [yuǎn ɡǔ wén mínɡ] ancient civilization
约翰·弗兹杰拉德·肯尼迪 [yuē hàn fú zī jié lā dé kěn ní dí] [USA] John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963)
约翰·昆西·亚当斯 [yuē hàn kūn xī yà dānɡ sī] [USA] John Quincy Adams (1767-1848)
约翰·泰勒 [yuē hàn tài lè] [USA] John Tyler (1790-1862)
约翰·亚当斯 [yuē hàn yà dānɡ sī] [USA] John Adams (1735-1826)
约瑟芬 [yuē sè fēn] [France] Josephine (1763-1814)
在位君主 [zài wèi jūn zhǔ] reigning sovereign
詹姆士·布坎南 [zhān mǔ shì bù kǎn nán] [USA] James Buchanan (1791-1868)
詹姆士·加菲尔德 [zhān mǔ shì fēi ěr dé] [USA] James Abram Garfield (1831-1881)
詹姆士·麦迪逊 [zhān mǔ shì mài dí xùn] [USA] James Madison (1751-1836)
詹姆士·门罗 [zhān mǔ shì mén luó] [USA] James Monroe (1758-1831)
詹姆士·奈斯·波克 [zhān mǔ shì nài sī bō kè] [USA] James Knox Polk (1795-1849)
詹姆斯二世 [zhān mǔ sī èr shì] [Britain] James II (1633-1701)
战国 [zhàn ɡuó] Warring States Period
张伯伦 [zhānɡ bó lún] [Britain] Neville Chamberlain (1869-1940)
贞观之治 [zhēn ɡuān zhī zhì] [China] enlightened administration of the Zhenguan period (in Tang dynasty)
征服者威廉 [zhēnɡ fú zhě wēi lián] [Britain] William the Conqueror (1027-1087)
知识革命 [zhī shi ɡé mìnɡ] intellectual revolution
织田信长 [zhī tián xìn chánɡ] [Japan] Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582)
中古时代 [zhōnɡ ɡǔ shí dài] Middle Ages
中古文明 [zhōnɡ ɡǔ wén mínɡ] medieval civilization
中书省 [zhōnɡ shū shěnɡ] Cabinet of Ministers
中央集权 [zhōnɡ yānɡ jí quán] centralization of authority
中曾根康弘 [zhōnɡ zēnɡ ɡēn kānɡ hónɡ] [Japan] Nakasone Yasuhiro (1918- )
种姓制度 [zhǒnɡ xìnɡ zhì dù] caste
周礼 [zhōu lǐ] the Chou Rituals
诸侯 [zhū hóu] feudal lord; vassal
专制时代 [zhuān zhì shí dài] age of autocracy
庄园 [zhuānɡ yuán] manor
紫禁城 [zǐ jìn chénɡ] [China] Forbidden City
宗法制度 [zōnɡ fǎ zhì dù] nepotistic system of power of the imperial clan
宗教革命 [zōnɡ jiào ɡé mìnɡ] Protestant Revolution
宗教统一 [zōnɡ jiào tǒnɡ yī] religious unity
奏章 [zòu zhānɡ] memorial |