v (1) 作战;战斗 (act against with weapons or physical force) [I，I+prep(against/with)]：Why are they～ing? 他们为什么打架?～at close range/back in self-defense 短兵相接/自卫反击;The two brothers began to～over a large sum of money. 那兄弟俩为了一笔巨款而开始争斗。～against the invaders 与入侵者作战;Have you been～ing with your neighbour again? 你又和邻居打架了吗? They fought with the Italians in the last war and against them in this. 在上次战争中他们和意大利人并肩作战，但在这次战争中却以他们为敌。〖同〗battle，combat;

(2) 和……作战(搏斗，打架) (carry on or engage in a (war);take part in a struggle，battle，etc) [T+n]：～a battle/a duel 打一仗/决斗;～the enemy (head on)/the opponents (正面)向敌人进攻/与对手搏斗;The battle was fought on an open plain. 战斗是在开阔的平原上进行的。England fought Germany. 英国与德国作战。〖同〗 conduct，wage;

(3) 与……斗争(take strong action to prevent;struggle) [I+prep(against)，T+n]：～(against) the decision to close the factory 与关闭工厂的决定作斗争;～(against) poverty/unemployment/ignorance 与贫困/失业/愚昧作斗争;～a forest fire 与森林大火搏斗;

(4) 奋斗(战) (get，make or achieve (sth) by fighting or effort) [I+prep(for)，T+n+prep]：～for freedom/independence/one's life/the throne 为自由而战/为独立而奋斗/奋力保全性命/争夺王位;～to get the plan adopted/ to preserve one's independence 为使计划被采纳/为保持独立而奋斗;Democratic rights have to be fought for. 民主权利需要奋斗争取。～(one's way) through the crowded marketplace 从拥挤的市场中挤出去;

(5) 吵嘴(架) (argue;quarrel) [I，I+prep(about/over)]：They～bitterly. 他们激烈地争吵。What are you～ing about? 你们在吵什么? not worth～ing about 不值得争吵;〖同〗 argue，dispute，quarrel;

fight a losing battle against sb 徒劳无益：Those who try to resist to the spread of science are～ing a losing battle. 那些试图抵制科学传播的人都是徒劳的。

fight shy of 避开;不愿做……：The man fought shy of introducing the girl to his wife. 那个男人不愿将那个女骇子介绍给他的妻子。～shy of an invitation 谢绝邀请;

fight tooth and nail 拚命打：They were～ing tooth and nail. 他们在拼命地撕打。

fight back (v adv) 1) 回(还)击;抵抗 (vi)：If he hits you again，～back. 如果他再打你，你就还击。2) 忍住 (vt)：～back the tears 忍住眼泪;

fight down (v adv) 压服;抑制住 (vt)：～down a feeling of disgust 抑制住厌恶的感觉;～down panic 克服恐惧;

fight off (v adv) 击退;竭力摆脱 (vt)：～off a cold 治愈感冒;The old lady bravely fought off the thief. 那个老太太勇敢地打跑了小偷。

fight on (v adv) 继续战斗(vi)：They fought on even when they knew they had lost everything. 虽然他们知道已失去了一切，但还是继续斗争下去。

fight out (v adv) 打出结果，一决雌雄 (vt)：F～it out between/ among yourselves. 你们自己一决输赢吧。

→′fightable adj 适于战斗的;有战斗力的;′fighter n 战士;战斗机;′fighting n 战(搏)斗，斗争;

n (1) 战(搏)斗，斗争(act of physical violence between people，countries，etc;struggle) [C]：a dog～狗打架;a hand-to-hand～肉搏战;the fiercest～in the campaign 那个战役中最激烈的一次战斗;have/win a～进行/赢得一场战斗;the～for one's rights/against natural disaster 为权益而战/与自然灾害的抗争;throw oneself into a～投身到斗争中去;The two boys have been in a～. 那两个男孩子一直在打架。back the workers in their～for higher pay 支持工人们为提高工资而进行的斗争;〖同〗 struggle，contest，battle，combat，war;〖反〗 compromise;

(2) 战斗力 (精神)，斗志(power or will to battle or struggle) [U]：The soldiers had no～/plenty of～. 那些士兵斗志全无/斗志昂扬。There's a lot of/not much～in that old man. 那个老人精神饱满/精神不振。take all the～out of sb 瓦解某人的斗志;show plenty of～表现出高昂的斗志;be full of～满怀斗志;〖同〗spirit，toughness，combativeness;

put up a good/poor fight 英勇战斗(拼搏)/作战不勇敢：He did not win in the finals of tennis but he put up a good～. 在网球决赛中他没能获胜，但他拼得很顽强。

show fight 准备打;不肯示弱：The man showed～at once. 那人立即准备撕打。

a fight to the finish 决定胜负的战斗：We are determined to a～ to the finish. 我们决心打到底。

【辨异】 fight与conflict、contest和combat 的区别见 CONFLICT。